ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2025
Lifetime estrogen exposure and domain-specific cognitive performance: results from the IGNITE study.
Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lifespan exposure to hormone therapies and structural brain morphometry in older women.NeuroImage · 2026Trial
- Associations of Hysterectomy and Oophorectomy with Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Lifetime Exposure to Endogenous Estradiol and Markers of Dementia Risk: Associations with Later Life Cognitive, Behavioral, and Functional Complaints.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Women's reproductive factors predict local brain aging profiles mapped using deep neural networks.GeroScience · 2026Article
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16 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Disruptions in estrogen exposure (i.e., surgically induced menopause) have been linked to poorer cognitive aging and dementia risk. Hormone therapy use (e.g., birth control, menopausal hormone therapy) has shown mixed associations with cognitive performance, possibly due to limited cognitive test batteries. To address previous inconsistencies, we investigated baseline data from Investigating Gains in Neurocognition in an Intervention Trial of Exercise (IGNITE). We hypothesized that (1) oophorectomy prior to natural menopause would be associated with poorer cognitive performance, (2) timing and duration of birth control and menopausal hormone therapy would influence associations with cognitive performance, and (3) Methods: In 461 post-menopausal females (M age = 69.6) we assessed oophorectomy and hormone therapy use to examine associations with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and factor-analytically derived composite scores for episodic memory, processing speed, working memory, executive function/attentional control, and visuospatial processing. Results: Hypothesis (1) We did not observe associations between oophorectomy prior to natural menopause and poorer cognitive performance. However, hormone therapy use, started on average within 2 years of oophorectomy, was associated with better episodic memory (β = 0.106, Discussion: Our results suggest exposure to estrogen during adulthood, specifically birth control and hormone therapy among women undergoing pre-menopausal oophorectomy, benefits cognitive function in older adulthood. Our comprehensive cognitive battery allowed us to examine cognitive function with a high degree of granularity. Future work should evaluate causal mechanisms of associations between lifetime estrogen exposure and later life cognitive function.
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