Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40247451›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2025

Leptin, adiponectin, body mass index, and incident cognitive impairment.

Evan L Thacker, Reena Karki, Rachel Gabor, Natalie J Blades, Russell P Sawyer, Cyrille N Kouambo Beckodro, Quinn Preece, Samuel Prince, McKay M Smith, Sarah R Gillett and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Evan L ThackerDepartment of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3813-0885
Reena KarkiDepartment of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6031-9118
Rachel GaborDepartment of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2509-5689
Natalie J BladesDepartment of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Russell P SawyerDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Cyrille N Kouambo BeckodroDepartment of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Quinn PreeceDepartment of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Samuel PrinceDepartment of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
McKay M SmithDepartment of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Sarah R GillettDepartment of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Suzanne E JuddDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7594-6587
Richard E KennedyDepartment of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Jorge R KizerCardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Deborah A LevineDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
William M McClellanDepartment of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Manjula Kurella TamuraGeriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Frederick W UnverzagtDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9297-1186
Virginia G WadleyDepartment of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Mary CushmanDepartment of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.

Funding

VCID and Stroke in a Bi-racial National CohortU01NS041588 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI CUSHMAN, MARY, HOWARD, GEORGE · 2002 to 2022
$96.0M
NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS041588
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BackgroundDisordered metabolism affects risk for cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and other dementias, likely through pathways involving adipokines.ObjectiveAnalyze incident cognitive impairment in relation to leptin, adiponectin, body mass index, and other risk factors.MethodsNested case-control study within the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort of 30,239 adults in the US. Cases with incident cognitive impairment (n = 489) scored >1.57 SD below demographically adjusted means on ≥2 of 3 cognitive tests: word list learning, word list delayed recall, and category fluency. Cognitively intact controls (n = 583) were randomly selected within demographic strata. Leptin and adiponectin were assayed in thawed blood that had been stored at baseline.ResultsIn participants with normal weight, lower leptin was associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. Relative to leptin = 25 ng/mL, adjusted ORs were 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2, 1.9) at leptin = 15 ng/mL, 0.8 (0.8, 0.9) at leptin = 30 ng/mL, and 0.5 (0.4, 0.8) at leptin = 45 ng/mL. In participants with obesity, higher adiponectin was associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. Relative to adiponectin = 25 ng/mL, adjusted ORs were 0.8 (95% CI: 0.7, 1.0) at adiponectin = 15 ng/mL, 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) at adiponectin = 30 ng/mL, and 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) at adiponectin = 45 ng/mL. Associations of adipokines with cognitive impairment varied across levels of other risk factors.ConclusionsAdipokines, in concert with body mass index, play complex roles in cognitive health, with many avenues open for further investigation.

Indexed as

AdiponectinBody Mass IndexCognitive DysfunctionLeptinAgedAged, 80 and overCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsAdiponectinADIPOQ protein, humanLeptinadipokinesadiponectinAlzheimer's diseasebiomarkersbody mass indexcognitive dysfunctionepidemiologyleptinobesityoverweight

Identifiers

PMID40247451
PMCPMC12548063

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.