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ArticleInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]2025

SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein induces a Mincle-dependent macrophage inflammatory response in acute kidney injury.

Rui-Zhi Tan, Wen-Jing Zhao, Jing Gao, Hui-Yao Lan, Jian Liu, Li Wang

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Article in Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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6 authors.

Rui-Zhi Tan *Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 182# chunhui road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
Wen-Jing Zhao *Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Jing Gao *Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Hui-Yao LanDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Jian LiuDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 182# chunhui road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China. liujian@swmu.edu.cn.
Li WangResearch Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 182# chunhui road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China. wangli120@swmu.edu.cn.

Funding

the Sichuan Science and Technology Program 2022YFH0118the Sichuan Science and Technology Program 2025ZNSFSC0616
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough the COVID-19 pandemic has receded, the SARS-CoV-2 virus still poses a significant threat to individuals with pre-existing renal conditions, leading to severe acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

methodsIn this study, we used ultrasound microbubble technology to transfect and overexpress the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein in the kidneys of IRI (ischemia-reperfusion injury) and Cis (cisplatin) induced AKI mice. Additionally, we generated macrophage-specific Mincle knockout mice to investigate the amplifying effects of the SARS-CoV-2 N protein on AKI renal injury and the critical regulatory role of macrophage inducible C-type lectin (Mincle). Finally, we employed Mincle-neutralizing antibodies to intervene in the SARS-CoV-2 N-induced exacerbation of kidney injury in AKI.

resultsWe found that the specific overexpression of the SARS-CoV-2 N protein significantly aggravates kidney injury in the context of AKI. Mechanistically, we found that the exacerbation of acute kidney injury by the SARS-CoV-2 N protein is dependent on Mincle, as the SARS-CoV-2 N protein activates Mincle to enhance the Syk/NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to damage and inflammation of renal tubular epithelial cells. This was confirmed in Mincle knockout mice and cells, where Mincle knockout alleviated the renal tubular injury and inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 N transfection. Importantly, the use of anti-Mincle neutralizing antibodies could effectively mitigate the acute kidney injury exacerbated by the SARS-CoV-2 N protein.

conclusionsIn summary, we identified the SARS-CoV-2 N protein as a key mediator of kidney injury in AKI and demonstrated that it exacerbates the injury through a Mincle-dependent mechanism. Targeting Mincle may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treating COVID-19-related acute kidney injury.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryCoronavirus Nucleocapsid ProteinsLectins, C-TypeMacrophagesMembrane ProteinsReceptors, ImmunologicSARS-CoV-2AnimalsCOVID-19HumansInflammationMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutPhosphoproteinsClecsf8 protein, mouseCoronavirus Nucleocapsid ProteinsLectins, C-TypeMembrane Proteinsnucleocapsid phosphoprotein, SARS-CoV-2PhosphoproteinsReceptors, ImmunologicAKIMacrophageMincleNucleocapsid proteinSARS-CoV-2

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.