Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40244122›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Modeling Spinal Cord Injury in a Dish with Hyperosmotic Stress: Population-Specific Effects and the Modulatory Role of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome.

Jonas Campos, Ana T Palha, Luís S Fernandes, Jorge R Cibrão, Tiffany S Pinho, Sofia C Serra, Nuno A Silva, Adina T Michael-Titus, António J Salgado

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Special Issue "Plasticity of the Nervous System After Injury: 2nd Edition".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jonas CamposLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Ana T PalhaLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-7502-2464
Luís S FernandesLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-1329-3474
Jorge R CibrãoLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Tiffany S PinhoLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Sofia C SerraLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Nuno A SilvaLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-1061-1716
Adina T Michael-TitusCentre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, The Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.
António J SalgadoLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-3806-9823

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia PPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122; UIDB/50026/2020; UIDP/50026/2020; SFRH/BD/5813/2020; SFRH/BD/145860/2019; PD/BDE/143150/2019; CEECIND/04794/2017Santa Casa Neuroscience Awards MC-18-2021Wings for Life WFL-PT-14/23
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Innovations in spinal cord injury (SCI) models are crucial for developing effective therapies. This study introduces a novel in vitro SCI model using cultures of primary mixed spinal cord cells from rat pups, featuring key spinal cord cell types. This model offers distinct advantages in terms of feasibility, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness, requiring only basic cell culture equipment. Following hyperosmotic stress via sorbitol treatment, the model recapitulated SCI pathophysiological hallmarks, with a 65% reduction in cell viability and gradual cell death over 48 h, making it ideal for evaluating neuroprotective agents. Notably, the human adipose tissue stem cell (hASC) secretome provided significant protection: it preserved metabolic viability, reduced β amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) expression in surviving neurons, and modulated the shift in the astrocytic morphotype. A transcriptomic profile of the effect of the hASC secretome treatment showed significant functional enrichments related to cell proliferation and cycle progression pathways. In addition to supporting the use of the hASC secretome as a therapy for SCI, this study is the first to use sorbitol as a hyperosmolar stressor to recapitulate key aspects of SCI pathophysiology. Thereby, this model can be used as a promising platform for evaluating therapeutic agents targeting neuroprotection and neuroregeneration, offering outputs related to cell death, neuronal stress, and protection, as well as induction of glial reactivity.

Indexed as

Mesenchymal Stem CellsOsmotic PressureSecretomeSpinal Cord InjuriesAdipose TissueAnimalsAstrocytesCells, CulturedCell SurvivalHumansNeuronsRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySorbitolSpinal CordSorbitolin vitro modelMSCsosmotic shocksecretomesorbitolspinal cord injurystem cells

Identifiers

PMID40244122
PMCPMC11989751

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.