ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
The Art of PEGylation: From Simple Polymer to Sophisticated Drug Delivery System.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed.
- Aptamers in Ocular Disease Therapy and Drug Delivery: Current Progress and Future Opportunities.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2026Review
- Encapsulation of Protein-Based Drug Carriers for Controlled Loading and Releasing Efficiency: A Review.The protein journal · 2026Review
- Linking In Vivo Imaging to Therapeutic Outcome withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- From Bacteria to Breakthroughs: Design and Evaluation of Gallocin-Based Peptide for Colorectal Cancer Therapeutic.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Lipid-Based Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Glycoproteins: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Gold Nanoparticles in Prostate Cancer: Advances in Targeted Therapy, Diagnostics, and Precision Nanomedicine.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Application of nanotherapy in cardiovascular diseases featuring novel pharmacological mechanisms and drug delivery strategies.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Polyethylene Carboxylates Synthesized via Statistical Optimization: A Biocompatible Polymer Scaffold for Bioactive Conjugation.Biotechnology and applied biochemistry · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Assisted SERS Quantification of Sialylated Alpha-Fetoprotein: From Single-Cell Analysis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Assessment.Small methods · 2026Article
- Safety evaluation of repeated administration of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Protein-Based Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy: A Comparative and Translational Perspective.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Influence of Polymeric and Natural Stabilizers on the Green Synthesis of Platinum and Palladium Nanoparticles.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reprogramming innate immunity through viral interference: A double-edged strategy for enhancing and containing gene therapies.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Reflection on "Site-specific PEGylation of proteins by a Staudinger-phosphite reaction": from protein modification to ADCs in the clinic.Chemical science · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential of allicin against viral infections: Mechanisms and safety profile (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Review
- Tunable PEGylation platform for efficient siRNA delivery using mesoporous silica nanoparticles.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Article
- Lipid Nanoparticle Surface Engineering with Heparosan Polysaccharides for Safe and Effective mRNA DeliveryACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tableting of nanoparticle-based formulations for oral delivery: Enhancing biopharmaceutical performance.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in Strategies to Transport Nanoparticles Across the Blood-Brain Barrier for Drug Delivery into the Brain for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The development of effective drug delivery systems (DDSs) is important for cancer and infectious disease treatment to overcome low bioavailability, rapid clearance and the toxicity of the therapeutic towards non-targeted healthy tissues. This review discusses how PEGylation, the attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules to nanoparticles (NPs), enhances drug pharmacokinetics by creating a "stealth effect". We provide the synthesis methods for several PEG derivatives, their conjugation with NPs, proteins and characterization using modern analytical tools. This paper focuses particularly on covalent conjugation and self-assembly strategies for successful PEGylation and discusses the influence of PEG chain length, density and conformation on drug delivery efficiency. Despite the PEGylation benefits, there are several challenges associated with it, including immunogenicity and reduced therapeutic efficacy due to accelerated blood clearance. Therefore, the balance between PEGylation benefits and its immunogenic risks remains a critical area of investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.