ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Enhancing Febuxostat Solubility Through Cocrystal Formation: Role of Substrate Selection and Amide Coformers.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Solubility plays a crucial role in drug bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Febuxostat (FEB), a BCS Class II drug used to treat hyperuricemia and gout, has low solubility, limiting its effectiveness. Cocrystallization offers a strategy to enhance solubility without modifying the drug's chemical structure. While FEB exhibits multiple polymorphic forms, no prior studies have explored cocrystal formation from its commercially available hemihydrate. This study examines whether FEB's initial form-hemihydrate or anhydrous-affects cocrystal formation. We investigated cocrystals with aromatic amides (nicotinamide, isonicotinamide, and picolinamide) and explored new FEB cocrystals with aliphatic amides (diacetamide, malonamide, and D,L-lactamide) to assess solubility enhancement. Our results show that anhydrous FEB cocrystals reliably form with both aromatic and aliphatic amides, regardless of the starting material. However, the aliphatic coformers lead to thermally unstable cocrystals. Nevertheless, the new cocrystals significantly improved FEB's solubility, with FEBH-LAC (13.9 mg/L) being the most soluble, but thermally unstable. FEBH-DIA showed the best balance, with 12.2 mg/L solubility and the fastest dissolution rate. These findings highlight cocrystallization with aliphatic amides as a promising approach for enhancing FEB's solubility and therapeutic potential; however, they may pose problems with stability and reproducibility.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.