ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Immune microenvironment and immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and advances.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The influence of concomitant proton pump inhibitors use on treatment efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The potential of soluble programmed cell death-ligand 1 and soluble programmed cell death 1 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Pooled it
- A Prognostic Model Based on Adipokine-Related Genes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Assessment of Patient Outcomes and Tumor Microenvironment Characterization.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Regulatory Role of Ribosome Biogenesis-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Construction of a Risk Prediction Model.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- POTEF upregulation drives hepatocellular carcinoma progression via oncogenic signaling and immune modulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- In vivo CAR-M therapy: advancing precision delivery and programmable immune remodeling.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Perioperative camrelizumab plus rivoceranib in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: translating CARES-009 outcomes into a new therapeutic paradigm.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Enhanced mRNA vaccine combined with immune checkpoint blockade efficiently suppresses tumor growth and metastasis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Molecular classification and construction of prognostic risk model via machine learning based on metabolic-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Advances and Future Perspectives.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Multi-omics SMR and experimental supportive analyses decipher causal drivers hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential of CDK8 inhibitor combined with sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanistic insights and in vitro validation.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Advancements in intratumoral therapies for liver tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of bidirectional crosstalk between hepatic stellate cell-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts and T cells in immune evasion and therapeutic resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Polysaccharides-gut microbiota interaction: mechanisms regulating the hepatocellular carcinoma immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Clinically deployable AI to predict objective response to radiotherapy-intensified immunotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Biomimetic Polymer-Based Nanomaterials for Immune-Responsive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: Mechanism and Therapeutic Advances.MedComm · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory role of vitamin D and emerging immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in HCC progression, characterized by dynamic interactions between stromal components, immune cells, and tumor cells. Key immune players, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), MDSCs, dendritic cells (DCs), and natural killer (NK) cells, contribute to immune evasion and tumor progression. Recent advances in immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and combination therapies, have shown promise in enhancing anti-tumor responses. Dual ICI combinations, ICIs with molecular targeted drugs, and integration with local treatments or radiotherapy have demonstrated improved outcomes in HCC patients. This review highlights the evolving understanding of the immune microenvironment and the therapeutic potential of immunotherapeutic strategies in HCC management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.