Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40242332›Full record

ArticleRoyal Society open science2025

An inevitably ageing world: analysis on the evolutionary pattern of age structure in 200 countries.

Jiajun Ma, Qinghua Chen, Xiaosong Chen, Jingfang Fan, Xiaomeng Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Royal Society open science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jiajun Ma *School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Qinghua Chen *School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8226-0006
Xiaosong ChenSchool of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Jingfang FanSchool of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiaomeng LiSchool of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-5046

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human reproductive, mortality and migration behaviours can often be standardized across countries. However, the universality of population growth laws remains a subject of debate. This study models age-specific population data as a three-dimensional tensor and applies high-dimensional tensor decomposition to uncover macro-level patterns in demographic systems across 200 countries over the past 70 years. The findings reveal that, while disparities in age demographics are widening, most nations follow remarkably similar evolutionary trajectories, differing mainly in the pace of change. A universal transition from the demographic dividend to population ageing is evident, with even labour-abundant regions such as Africa, Asia and South America inevitably facing this demographic shift. By incorporating economic indicators, the study quantitatively demonstrates the coordination between population structure and economic growth, while identifying notable exceptions, such as Gulf states that remain both affluent and youthful, and countries like North Korea, Tunisia, Sri Lanka and Ukraine that are ageing without first achieving significant economic wealth.

Indexed as

ageingdemographic dividenddemographic transitionpopulation dynamicstensor decomposition

Identifiers

PMID40242332
PMCPMC12000934

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.