Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40240764›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Development of donepezil hydrochloride-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Merve Kömür, Hülya Tuba Kıyan, A Alper Öztürk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Merve KömürDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Türkiye.
Hülya Tuba KıyanDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Türkiye.
A Alper ÖztürkDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Türkiye. aaozturk@anadolu.edu.tr.

Funding

Anadolu University Scientific Research Project Commission Project number: 2304S027, Project ID: 1956
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, nanoparticle (NP) systems have demonstrated significant promise in pharmaceutical applications. This study focused on the development of donepezil hydrochloride-loaded PLGA-NPs, prepared using the 'Double Emulsion Solvent Evaporation' method. The impact of varying concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol-(PVA) in the aqueous phase and sonication time on NP characteristics was comprehensively examined. Results showed that increasing PVA concentration and sonication time resulted in a reduction in NP size, with an optimal formulation (I-DNP) achieving a particle size of 136.37 nm ± 0.93 and a PDI of 0.122 ± 0.011, indicating uniformity. The zeta potential was measured at - 24.17mV ± 1.21, confirming the electrostatic stability of the formulation, essential for long-term stability. Trehalose was incorporated to enhance stability, and gastrointestinal stability testing revealed that I-DNP degraded faster in acidic environments. The encapsulation efficiency reached 69.22 ± 4.84%, suggesting effective drug loading, and release studies exhibited a sustained release profile, with a Fickian and non-Fickian release mechanism. DSC, FT-IR, and

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDonepezilNanoparticlesPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerAnimalsChick EmbryoDrug CarriersDrug LiberationHumansParticle SizeDonepezilDrug CarriersPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerAlzheimerDonepezil hydrochlorideDouble emulsion solvent evaporation methodNanoparticle systemsPLGA-based nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID40240764
PMCPMC12003670

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.