ArticleScientific reports2025
Impact of the warm and calm breathing pattern on delivery outcomes in pregnant Chinese women: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The traditional Lamaze breathing technique has limitations. We analyzed the effect of our new warm and calm (WC) breathing pattern on the incidence of fetal intrauterine distress, emergency cesarean delivery, forceps-assisted delivery, episiotomy, third- and fourth-degree perineal tears, and postpartum hemorrhage. Pregnant women who underwent a labor trial at the Second Hospital of West China University of Sichuan University between January 2020 and November 2023 and practiced the WC breathing pattern (n = 28,369) were recruited as the study group and those who underwent routine labor and practiced the Lamaze breathing technique between January 2016 and December 2019 (n = 21,110) constituted the control group. The chi-square test was used to compare differences in the incidence of fetal intrauterine distress, emergency cesarean delivery, forceps-assisted delivery, episiotomy, third- and fourth-degree perineal tears, and postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups. The incidence of the aforementioned events was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. P-values were all ˂0.05, indicating significant differences. The WC breathing pattern increases the chances of a labor trial for pregnant women; reduces the incidence of fetal intrauterine distress, emergency cesarean delivery, forceps-assisted delivery, episiotomy, third- and fourth-degree perineal tears, and postpartum hemorrhage; and promotes safe delivery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.