ArticleScientific reports2025
Human plasma protein bindings of neonicotinoid insecticides and metabolites.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated human toxicokinetics of acetamiprid using urine, blood, and feces data in physiologically-based kinetic modelling for reverse dosimetry.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Incorporation of Co-Cyromazine Complexes Onto Halloysite Nanotubes as a Spin-Tip Solid-Phase Extraction Sorbent for Determining Hydrophilic B Vitamins in Functional Foods.Journal of separation science · 2026Article
- Article
- The distribution of neonicotinoids and their metabolites in paired semen and urine samples and associations with male reproductive hormones.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- L-theanine-targeted prefrontal cortex improves CUMS-induced depression via the gut-short-chain fatty acids-brain axis.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides (neonicotinoids) are widely used in agriculture, forestry and public health in the world. Environmental exposure to neonicotinoids has been increasing due to their continuous uses. Neonicotinoids act as agonists, antagonists, or modulators of acetylcholine receptors and have adverse effects on non-target species, such as invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds, microbes and mammals. Although there is concern about their adverse effects on ecosystem services and their potential effects on human health, their xenobiotic kinetics and dynamics in humans are not understood well. In this study, we determined a xenobiotic kinetic parameter, plasma protein bindings (PPBs) of 7 neonicotinoids and 18 metabolites with human plasma using a Rapid Equilibrium Dialysis (RED) device and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and compared their PPBs with their physicochemical properties. 6-chloronicotinic acid (6-CNA) exhibited the highest PPB (86.4%), followed by imidacloprid-olefin (86.3%) in human plasma. Their PPBs are much higher than that of the parent compound, imidacloprid (27.5%). The PPBs of neonicotinoids and metabolites are not related to their lipophilicity determined by reversed-phase LC. The results shed light on the behavior of environmentally exposed neonicotinoids and metabolites and warrant further research on their xenobiotic kinetics and dynamics in humans.
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Registered trials
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