ArticleNPJ vaccines2025
Emulsion adjuvant-induced uric acid release modulates optimal immunogenicity by targeting dendritic cells and B cells.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Linking Adjuvant Immune Stimulation to Spatiotemporal Dynamics via Cross-Scale Photoacoustic Microscopy.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- A TRAC-478-adjuvanted recombinant N1 neuraminidase influenza virus vaccine induces balanced and broadly protective immune responses.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Uric Acid-Driven Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Multicenter Real-World Cohort Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the chemical space around Cannabis sativa L. leaves as a source of bioactive compounds of pharmaceutical interest.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Uric acid level in metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab: a Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC) study.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- The role of cell death pathways in respiratory viral infection and vaccination: two sides of the same coin.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Squalene-based emulsion (SE) adjuvants like MF59 and AS03 are used in protein subunit vaccines against influenza virus (e.g., Fluad, Pandemrix, Arepanrix) and SARS-CoV-2 (e.g., Covifenz, SKYCovione). We demonstrate the critical role of uric acid (UA), a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), in triggering immunogenicity by SE adjuvants. In mice, SE adjuvants elevated DAMP levels in draining lymph nodes. Strikingly, inhibition of UA synthesis reduced vaccine-induced innate immunity, subsequently impairing optimal antibody and T cell responses. In vivo treatment with UA crystals elicited partial adjuvant effects. In vitro stimulation with UA crystals augmented the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells and altered multiple pathways in these cells, including inflammation and antigen presentation in DCs and cell proliferation in B cells. In an influenza vaccine model, UA contributed to protection against influenza viral infection. These results demonstrate the importance of DAMPs, specifically the versatile role of UA in the immunogenicity of SE adjuvants, by regulating DCs and B cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.