ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews2025
The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Spine Surgery: A Scoping Review.
Article in Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Decision Support in Rural Spine Care: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Large Language Models in Spine Surgery : A Narrative Review of Performance Paradox and Clinical Integration Challenges.Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence Can Direct Patients Toward a Complaint-specific Musculoskeletal Provider.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026Article
- Large Language Model Hallucinations in Spine Surgery: A Comparative Analysis of Clinician vs Patient-Level Prompts.Neurosurgery practice · 2026Article
- AI-Assisted Fracture Detection in Orthopedic and Trauma Imaging: Where It Works, Where It Fails, and Principles for Safe Clinical Deployment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cost-effectiveness and evidence gaps of advanced technologies in lumbar spine surgery: a scoping review.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence in spine care: A scoping review of treatment applications.North American Spine Society journal · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA comprehensive review on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) within spine surgery as a specialty remains lacking.
methodsThis scoping review was conducted upon PubMed and EMBASE databases according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Our analysis focused on publications from January 1, 2020, to March 31, 2024, with a specific focus on AI in the field of spine surgery. Review articles and articles predominantly concerning secondary validation of algorithms, medical physics, electronic devices, biomechanics, preclinical, and with a lack of clinical emphasis were excluded.
resultsOne hundred five studies were included after our inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied. Most studies (n = 100) were conducted through supervised learning upon prelabeled data sets. Overall, 38 studies used conventional machine learning methods upon predefined features, whereas 67 used deep learning methods, predominantly for medical image analyses. Only 25.7% of studies (27/105) collected data from more than 1,000 patients for model development and validation. Data originated from only a single center in 72 studies. The most common application was prognostication (38/105), followed by diagnosis (35/105), medical image processing (29/105), and surgical assistance (3/105).
conclusionThe application of AI within the domain of spine surgery has significant potential to advance patient-specific diagnosis, management, and surgical execution.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.