Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40239205›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2025

Mental Health Apps Available in App Stores for Indian Users: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Seema Mehrotra, Ravikesh Tripathi, Pramita Sengupta, Abhishek Karishiddimath, Angelina Francis, Pratiksha Sharma, Paulomi Sudhir, Srikanth Tk, Girish N Rao, Rajesh Sagar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR research protocols, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Seema MehrotraDepartment of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0000-0002-7753-7303
Ravikesh TripathiDepartment of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0000-0002-9409-7362
Pramita SenguptaDepartment of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0000-0002-1781-0339
Abhishek KarishiddimathDepartment of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0000-0003-3082-2868
Angelina FrancisDepartment of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0009-0001-3828-4163
Pratiksha SharmaDepartment of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0009-0000-6100-8434
Paulomi SudhirDepartment of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0000-0001-7305-0963
Srikanth TkE-Health Research Centre, International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0000-0001-6780-6728
Girish N RaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Centre for Public Health, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.ORCID 0000-0003-4697-0320
Rajesh SagarDepartment of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.ORCID 0000-0003-4563-7841

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere has been a surge in mental health apps over the past few years. While these have great potential to address the unmet mental health needs of the population, the recent proliferation of mental health apps in the commercial marketplace has raised several concerns, such as privacy, evidence-based, and quality. Although there is mounting research on the effectiveness of mental health apps, the majority of these are not accessible to the public and most of those available have not been researched. Despite the rapid growth of the digital health market in India, there are no comprehensive reviews of publicly available mental health apps for Indian users. Hence it becomes important to review mental health apps freely available to potential end users in terms of their scope, functions, and quality.

objectiveThis study aims to systematically evaluate mental health apps available to Indian users in app stores.

methodsThis systematic review of mental health apps will be performed following the Target user, Evaluation focus, Connectedness and Health domain approach and the PASSR (Protocol for App Store Systematic Reviews) checklist. Fifteen key search terms covering various mental health conditions and therapies will be used on the Android and iOS stores. The identified apps will be further screened and reviewed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pool of eligible apps will be downloaded for detailed review. The following steps will be adopted to streamline the review process and interrater consistency. Six apps will be randomly selected from the downloaded apps, for joint discussion and review by a team of 4 primary reviewers and 2 mentors. Following this, a new set of 6 randomly selected apps will be rated independently by the primary reviewers and the differences in ratings will be jointly discussed for generating consensus. Subsequently, the primary reviewers will individually review the remaining apps in the list. Data will be extracted based on predecided parameters such as privacy policy, basic purpose, type of developer, nature of intervention strategies, and guided versus unguided nature. Additionally, the apps will be reviewed for quality using the Mobile Application Rating Scale. The data analysis and synthesis strategy will incorporate descriptive statistics based on quality evaluation using the Mobile Application Rating Scale and examining the content of the apps for generating descriptive information.

resultsThe initial screening of mental health apps available for Indian users on the Google Play Store and Apple App Store was initiated in October 2024. We expect to complete the detailed systematic review by April 2025.

conclusionsThis study will offer a comprehensive review of mental health apps available in digital marketplaces for Indian users and has implications for end users, policy makers, developers, and mental health professionals.

trial registrationInternational Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols INPLASY2024100035; https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2024-10-0035/. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/71071.

Indexed as

Mental HealthMobile ApplicationsHumansIndiaSystematic Reviews as TopicTelemedicineIndiamental health appsMHApps for Indian usersmHealthmobile phonesreview of appssmartphone apps

Identifiers

PMID40239205
PMCPMC12044312

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.