Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40239066›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of cell biology2025

PML mutants from arsenic-resistant patients reveal SUMO1-TOPORS and SUMO2/3-RNF4 degradation pathways.

Ellis G Jaffray, Michael H Tatham, Barbara Mojsa, Anna Plechanovová, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Julio C Y Liu, Niels Mailand, Adel F M Ibrahim, Graeme Ball, Iain M Porter and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of cell biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ellis G JaffrayDivision of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7827-4579
Michael H TathamDivision of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6986-1691
Barbara MojsaDivision of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6228-5780
Anna PlechanovováDivision of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0009-0002-4996-9798
Alejandro Rojas-FernandezORCID 0000-0002-6004-5425
Julio C Y LiuProtein Signaling Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-7359-0396
Niels MailandProtein Signaling Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-6623-709X
Adel F M IbrahimDivision of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1066-7111
Graeme BallDundee Imaging Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6526-2306
Ronald T HayDivision of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7113-9024

Funding

Cancer Research UK DRCRPG-May23/100003Novo Nordisk Fonden NNF18OC0030752University of DundeeWellcome TrustWellcome Trust 217196/Z/19/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Arsenic effectively treats acute promyelocytic leukemia by inducing SUMO and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the promyelocytic leukemia (PML)-retinoic acid receptor alpha oncogenic fusion protein. However, some patients relapse with arsenic-resistant disease because of missense mutations in PML. To determine the mechanistic basis for arsenic resistance, PML-/- cells were reconstituted with YFP fusions of wild-type PML-V and two common patient mutants: A216T and L217F. Both mutants were resistant to degradation by arsenic but for different biochemical reasons. Arsenic did not trigger SUMOylation of A216T PML, which failed to recruit the SUMO-targeting ubiquitin ligases RNF4 and TOPORS. L217F PML did respond with increased SUMO2/3 conjugation that facilitated RNF4 engagement but failed to reach the threshold of SUMO1 conjugation required to recruit TOPORS. Thus, neither mutant accumulated the appropriate polyubiquitin signal required for p97 binding. These PML mutants have revealed a convergence of SUMO1, SUMO2/3, TOPORS, and RNF4 that facilitates the arsenic-induced degradation of PML.

Indexed as

ArsenicDrug Resistance, NeoplasmLeukemia, Promyelocytic, AcuteNuclear ProteinsPromyelocytic Leukemia ProteinSmall Ubiquitin-Related Modifier ProteinsSUMO-1 ProteinTranscription FactorsHEK293 CellsHumansMutationProteolysisSumoylationUbiquitin-Protein LigasesUbiquitinsArsenicNuclear ProteinsPML protein, humanPromyelocytic Leukemia ProteinRNF4 protein, humanSmall Ubiquitin-Related Modifier ProteinsSUMO-1 ProteinSUMO1 protein, humanSUMO2 protein, humanSUMO3 protein, humanTranscription FactorsUbiquitin-Protein LigasesUbiquitins

Identifiers

PMID40239066
PMCPMC12002637

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.