Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40238419›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025

Creating an Inclusive Definition for High Users of Inpatient Hospital Systems That Considers Different Levels of Rurality.

Tomoko McGaughey, George Kephart, Utkarsh J Dang, Paul A Peters

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tomoko McGaugheyDepartment of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5789-7785
George KephartDepartment of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
Utkarsh J DangDepartment of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4120-2015
Paul A PetersDepartment of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5225-2005

Funding

Government of Ontario ER18-14-064
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multiple definitions have been used to identify individuals who are high system users (HSUs), through economic costs, frequency of use, or length of stay for inpatient care users. However, no definition has been validated to be representative of those residing in rural communities, who face unique service accessibility. This paper identifies an HSU definition for rural Canada that is inclusive of various levels of rurality, longitudinal patient experiences, and types of hospitalizations experienced. This study utilized the 2011 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC) linkage profile to assess hospitalization experiences between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2013. A range of common HSU indicators were compared using Cox proportional hazards modelling for multiple periods of assessment and types of admissions. The preferred definition for rural HSUs was individuals who are in the 90th percentile of unplanned hospitalization episodes for 2 of 3 consecutive years. This approach is innovative in that it includes longitudinal hospital experiences and multiple types of hospitalizations and assesses an individual's rurality as a point of context for analysis, rather than a characteristic. These differences provide an opportunity for community characteristic needs assessment and subsequent adjustments to policy development and resource allocation to meet each rural community's specific needs.

Indexed as

HospitalizationInpatientsRural PopulationAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCanadaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsYoung Adulthealth policyhigh resource usershigh system usersinpatient hospital carerural healthsurvival analysis

Identifiers

PMID40238419
PMCPMC11941834

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.