Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40237461›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2025

Increased Atherosclerosis in HIV-Infected Humanized Mice Is Caused by a Single Viral Protein, Nef.

Yongsen Wang, Beda Brichacek, Larisa Dubrovsky, Tatiana Pushkarsky, Kyle Korolowicz, Olga Rodriguez, Yichien Lee, Marta Catalfamo, Chris Albanese, Anastas Popratiloff and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yongsen WangDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Beda BrichacekDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5864-4341
Larisa DubrovskyDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Tatiana PushkarskyDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Kyle KorolowiczDepartment of Oncology, Center for Translational Research, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Olga RodriguezDepartment of Oncology, Center for Translational Research, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2017-1096
Yichien LeeDepartment of Oncology, Center for Translational Research, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Marta CatalfamoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Chris AlbaneseDepartment of Oncology, Center for Translational Research, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3072-2373
Anastas PopratiloffGeorge Washington University Nanofabrication and Imaging Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8329-3907
Dmitri SviridovLaboratory of Lipoproteins and Atherosclerosis, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8366-3832
Michael BukrinskyDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8593-0770

Funding

Tissue Culture Shared ResourceP30CA051008 · NCI · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI MARCUS S NOEL · 1990 to 2026
$71.5M
SWG 2: Cure Research Scientific Working GroupP30AI117970 · NIAID · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Italo Mocchetti · 2015 to 2026
$29.6M
Lipid raft therapy – a novel therapeutic approach for HIV-associated cardiometabolic co-morbiditiesR01HL158305 · NHLBI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BUKRINSKY, MICHAEL ILYA, SVIRIDOV, DMITRI · 2021 to 2024
$2.6M
Preclinical Imaging - Bruker 70/30USR BioSpec MagnetS10OD025153 · OD · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI ALBANESE, CHRISTOPHER · 2019 to 2019
$1.9M
Acquisition of Zeiss 710 Confocal Laser Scanning MicroscopeS10RR025565 · NCRR · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI POPRATILOFF, ANASTAS · 2009 to 2009
$500k
Acquisition of Zeiss Cell Observer Spinning Disk Confocal SystemS10OD010710 · OD · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI POPRATILOFF, ANASTAS · 2012 to 2012
$500k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA051008NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR025565NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL158305NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI117970NIH HHS P30 AI117970NIH HHS P30 CA051008NIH HHS R01 HL158305NIH HHS S10 OD010710NIH HHS S10 OD025153
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antiretroviral therapy suppresses human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, reverses immunodeficiency, and reduces AIDS-related symptoms, but non-AIDS comorbidities like cardiovascular diseases remain a major challenge for people with HIV (PWH). The pathogenic mechanisms driving these comorbidities are poorly understood. We previously showed that the HIV protein Nef contributes to chronic inflammation in PWH. Here, we explored Nef's role in HIV-associated atherosclerosis using a novel model: HIV-infected humanized mice expressing a gain-of-function mutant of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and fed a high-fat diet. Comparing atherosclerosis in uninfected mice to those infected with Nef-positive or Nef-deficient HIV-1, we found that Nef exacerbates atherosclerotic changes by increasing inflammation. These results identify Nef as a key driver of HIV-related atherosclerosis and provide a platform for testing therapeutic interventions targeting Nef to mitigate cardiovascular risks in PWH.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisHIV-1HIV Infectionsnef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusAnimalsDiet, High-FatDisease Models, AnimalHumansInflammationMiceProprotein Convertase 9nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virusnef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1Proprotein Convertase 9atherosclerosisHIVhumanized miceinflammationNef

Identifiers

PMID40237461
PMCPMC12308672

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.