Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40236961›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Similarities in semantic processing across verbal and pictorial domains in school children with developmental language disorder.

Hanna Lindfors, Kristina Hansson, Neil Cohn, Annika Andersson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hanna LindforsDepartment of Swedish, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
Kristina HanssonDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Neil CohnDepartment of Communication and Cognition, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.
Annika AnderssonDepartment of Swedish, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates whether Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is a specific language impairment or a domain-general disorder, thereby addressing the broader question of whether language processing is distinct from or comparable to cognitive processing in other domains. Specifically, we investigate semantic processing in verbal and pictorial domains among 9-12-year-old children with DLD in comparison to an age-matched control group. We measured the amplitude of the event-related potential (ERP) effect indicating semantic processing, the N400, to narratives in the form of both auditorily presented sentences and of wordless picture sequences (comic strips). We compared the N400 effect of predictability in both domains across group. Our findings from a total of 39 participants show an expected N400 effect in both domains in age-matched controls, though with longer latency for the more unfamiliar picture domain but no N400 effect in either domain in children with DLD. This study, thus, indicates similarities in semantic processing across the verbal and the pictorial domains in children with DLD, which is consistent with domain general theories of language.

Indexed as

developmental language disorder (DLD)domain generalevent-related potentials (ERPs)N400semantic processing

Identifiers

PMID40236961
PMCPMC11997872

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.