A Clinical Study to Evaluate Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Diabetic Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Healthcare Center.

Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that causes an array of dysfunctions, mainly because of its neuropathic and microvascular complications. This study was based on the hypothesis that these complications can lead to hearing loss in diabetic patients. The study also evaluates other influences on hearing loss in diabetic patients. Objectives The objective is to assess the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss among diabetic patients and to analyze whether other factors contribute to worsening hearing loss among diabetics. Methods A prospective study was conducted among diabetic patients aged 35-60. A total of 86 patients were involved in this study. Results The prevalence of hearing loss among diabetic people in our study was 70.9%. Most hearing loss patients had mild sensorineural hearing loss, with a significant high-frequency slope or dip. There is a higher chance of hearing loss among diabetic patients if they have associated hypertension as well. No association between HbA1c level and duration of diabetes was established. As the age of the diabetic patient rises, there is a notable increase in the chance of having hearing loss as well, even though it was not statistically proven. Conclusions The hyperglycemic effects causing cochlear dysfunction start early in the phase of diabetes, and many people are unaware of their hearing deprivation. This might be because most of the affected people have mild sensorineural hearing loss. Early detection and intervention are needed to prevent the progression of this morbid condition.