Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40235852›Full record

ArticleMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2025

Design and screening of novel endosomal escape compounds that enhance functional delivery of oligonucleotides

H Yesid Estupiñán, Tom Baladi, Samantha Roudi, Michael J Munson, Jeremy Bost, Oskar Gustafsson, Daniel Velásquez-Ramírez, Deepak Kumar Bhatt, Daniel Hagey, Dennis Hekman and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. The Versatile Applications of Antisense Oligonucleotides in Modern Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

H Yesid EstupiñánDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
Tom BaladiDiscovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Samantha RoudiDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
Michael J MunsonAdvanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden.
Jeremy BostDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
Oskar GustafssonDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
Daniel Velásquez-RamírezDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
Deepak Kumar BhattDMPK, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Daniel HageyDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
Dennis HekmanDMPK, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Shalini AnderssonDiscovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Samir El AndaloussiDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
Anders DahlénDiscovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), including splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs), are promising therapeutic approaches for targeting genetic defects. ASOs act in the nucleus and the cytosol to cleave mRNAs via the RNaseH1 mechanism (e.g., gapmers), while SSOs alter transcript splicing to restore or inhibit protein function. RNA interference (RNAi) is another approach to down-regulate gene expression via the RISC complex. However, a major challenge is the effective delivery of these nucleic acid-based therapeutics. Recent developments focus on enhancing cellular uptake and endosomal release, including the use of small-molecule endosomal escape enhancers (EEEs) such as chloroquine. Here, we disclose a next generation of EEEs, which efficiently enhance SSOs and gapmers

Indexed as

antisenseendosomesenhancersleakagelysosomesmitophagyMT: Oligonucleotides: Therapies and Applicationsoligonucleotidessmall moleculestherapeutic

Identifiers

PMID40235852
PMCPMC11999280

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.