Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40235069›Full record

ArticleJournal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence2025

Should parents apologize to their adolescents to mend their parent-adolescent relationship? A multi-method, multi-phase investigation.

Jean-Michel Robichaud, Karina Schumann, Hali Kil, Richard Koestner, Geneviève A Mageau

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Should parents apologize to their adolescents to mend their parent-adolescent relationship? A multi-method, multi-phase investigation.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jean-Michel RobichaudÉcole de Psychologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.
Karina SchumannDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Hali KilDepartment of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4299-4552
Richard KoestnerDepartment of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Geneviève A MageauDépartement de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Funding

Faculté des Études Supérieures et de la Recherche de l'Université de MonctonSocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Apologies following interpersonal offenses tend to mend relationships, but the role of parental apologies in the parent-adolescent relationship is understudied. Further, parental apologies may have diametrical effects on the parent-adolescent relationship depending on their phrasing. In this three-phase study, we recruited 288 adolescents to assess the role of perceived (phase 1), coded (phase 2), and manipulated (phase 3) parental victim-centered and defensive apologies in the parent-adolescent relationship (i.e., adolescent forgiveness, relationship satisfaction, and perceptions of parental authority). Results from all three phases converged to suggest that victim-centered apologies predict greater forgiveness, more autonomous and less controlled motivations to forgive, and higher relationship satisfaction, compared to defensive apologies or no apologies. We found limited associations between parental apologies and parental authority.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorParent-Child RelationsParentsAdolescentFemaleHumansMaleforgivenessparent‐adolescent relationshipparental apologyparental authorityself‐determination theory

Identifiers

PMID40235069
PMCPMC12000636

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.