Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40234828›Full record

Trial reportBMC musculoskeletal disorders2025

Outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of neuromuscular training with real-time biofeedback in young female athletes.

Kevin R Ford, Jeffrey B Taylor, Audrey E Westbrook, Mark V Paterno, Bin Huang, Anh-Dung Nguyen

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02754700 (Effects of Real-time Optimized Biofeedback Utilizing Sport Techniques), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02754700 phase2completednot on this map

Effects of Real-time Optimized Biofeedback Utilizing Sport Techniques (ROBUST) Training on Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

TypeinterventionalSponsorHigh Point UniversityRan2016 to 2019Enrolled150ConditionsKnee InjuriesArmsNeuromuscular Training, Hip Focused ROBUST Training, Knee Focused ROBUST Training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kevin R FordDepartment of Physical Therapy, Congdon School of Health Sciences, High Point University, One University Pkwy, High Point, NC, 27268, USA. kford@highpoint.edu.
Jeffrey B TaylorDepartment of Physical Therapy, Congdon School of Health Sciences, High Point University, One University Pkwy, High Point, NC, 27268, USA.
Audrey E WestbrookNeuromodulation, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Mark V PaternoCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Division of Sports Medicine, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Bin HuangCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Anh-Dung NguyenDepartment of Kinesiology, College of Education, Frostburg State University, Frostburg, MD, USA.

Funding

Real-time Optimized Biofeedback Utilizing Sport Techniques (ROBUST)R21AR069873 · NIAMS · HIGH POINT UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, KEVIN RAY · 2016 to 2018
$528k
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health R21AR069873NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR069873
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA large body of scientific work has been focused on reducing the high incidence rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in young female compared to male soccer players. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a randomized clinical trial to reduce a risk factor of ACL injuries, knee abduction moment (KAM), with neuromuscular training and biomechanical biofeedback in adolescent female athletes.

methodsA prospective, randomized, active comparator, open blinded, end-point trial was conducted with 150 (age: 13.3 ± 2.2 yrs, height: 156.1 ± 1 0.6 cm, mass: 50.2 ± 11.3 kg) female soccer players. Each participant received neuromuscular training and randomized into one of three arms: 1) an active control, considered sham biofeedback (NMT), 2) a knee-focused biofeedback group (NMT + K), and 3) a hip-focused biofeedback group (NMT + H). The participants completed two assessments: a baseline session prior to the intervention and a post-intervention session. The primary outcome measure was change knee abduction moment during a double leg drop vertical jump (DVJ). Additionally, an unplanned single leg cutting task was also recorded. As an exploratory outcome measure, athletic exposures and ACL injuries were recorded weekly for six months following the post-test session.

resultsA statistically significant reduction in KAM, during the DVJ, was found in all three intervention groups from baseline to the post-test (p < 0.05). However, statistically significant improvements in KAM during cutting was only observed in the NMT + H intervention group (p < 0.05). ACL injuries were not reported in any intervention group during the six months of follow up.

conclusionsWhile female soccer players involved in neuromuscular training programs regardless of intervention group exhibit significant improvements in KAM during a double leg landing, those that engage in hip-focused biofeedback compared to knee-focused or sham biofeedback exhibit decreased KAM during an unanticipated cutting maneuver.

trial registrationThe Institutional Review Board at High Point University approved the study protocol. The clinical trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02754700) on 28/04/2016..

Indexed as

Anterior Cruciate Ligament InjuriesAthletic InjuriesBiofeedback, PsychologySoccerAdolescentAthletesBiomechanical PhenomenaFemaleHumansKnee JointProspective StudiesTreatment OutcomeACLAnterior cruciate ligamentBiomechanicsFemale athleteKnee abductionKnee injury preventionNeuromuscular trainingRandomized clinical trialValgus

Identifiers

PMID40234828
PMCPMC11998317

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.