ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Biofilm formation, methicillin resistance and SCCmec types among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples from a tertiary care hospital, in Nepal.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Natural Products and Antimicrobial Nanoparticles Against Methicillin-ResistantPharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Derivatives and intermediates of betulonic and platanic acid as effective antibacterial agents.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Characterisation of the wound microbiome and antimicrobial resistance profiles in clinical isolates from epidermolysis bullosa patients.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2026Article
- Methicillin-resistantiScience · 2026Review
- Epidemiological analysis of biofilm-forming methicillin-resistantFrontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Bacteriophage-Based Approach Against Biofilm Infections Associated with Medical Devices: A Narrative Review of ESKAPE Pathogens.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMethicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a human pathogen that can cause hospital and community acquired infections. Biofilm formation is a major virulence factor contributing to its pathogenicity. This study aimed to detect biofilm formation ability among methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates and determine SCCmec types.
methodsA total of 115 S. aureus were isolated from various clinical samples collected at Nepal Armed Police Hospital from August 2022 to February 2023. The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed via a modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method following CLSI guidelines. Phenotypic detection of biofilm formation was performed by microtiter plate assay. Polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect mecA, icaA and SCCmec types.
resultsMore than 90% of the isolates were resistant to cefixime and penicillin. Among the total isolates, 66% were multidrug resistant. The disc diffusion method detected 60% of the isolates as MRSA, with 15 isolates lacking the mecA gene. Different levels of biofilm biomass were observed among 86 (75%) of the isolates by microtiter plate method. PCR revealed the presence of the icaA gene in a low number of the isolates (16%). Compared with biofilm nonproducer isolates, biofilm producing S. aureus isolates presented a greater incidence of antibiotic resistance with multi drug resistance (MDR). SCCmec type V (21%) predominated, followed by type II (13%) and most of them were MDR and biofilm producers.
conclusionsOur results indicate a relatively high incidence of community acquired S. aureus circulating in the hospital setting. This study is the first to explore the associations between SCCmec types and biofilm formation among clinical isolates in Nepal. Monitoring the prevalence of biofilm producing S. aureus provides valuable insights into the evolving epidemiology of healthcare associated infections, facilitating the development of targeted infection control strategies.
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