Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40234598›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

The prevalence of corneal guttata and its related risk factors in a Thai population: a community-based study in central Thailand.

Vilavun Puangsricharern, Vannarut Satitpitakul, Susama Chokesuwattanaskul, Thanapoom Rattananupong, Thanachaporn Kittipibul, Phattrawan Pisuchpen, Keeratika Sangsao, Usanee Reinprayoon, Ngamjit Kasetsuwan

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Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Vilavun PuangsricharernCenter of Excellence for Cornea and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. vilavun@hotmail.com.
Vannarut SatitpitakulCenter of Excellence for Cornea and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Susama ChokesuwattanaskulDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Thanapoom RattananupongDepartment of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Thanachaporn KittipibulCenter of Excellence for Cornea and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Phattrawan PisuchpenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Keeratika SangsaoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Usanee ReinprayoonCenter of Excellence for Cornea and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ngamjit KasetsuwanCenter of Excellence for Cornea and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This is a large cross-sectional, population-based survey to investigate the prevalence of central corneal guttata in the Thai population. Two communities in the central region of Thailand are (1) Phanat Nikhom district, Chonburi, and (2) Khlong Toey district, Bangkok. All participants completed an interview and ophthalmic examination. Overall, 990 participants aged ≥ 40 years were included. The prevalence of central corneal guttata was 40.80% (399/978 participants); 328/978 participants (33.54%) exhibited modified Krachmer grade I corneal guttata. The study utilized definitive diagnosis and severity grading, using the modified Krachmer grading scale, to estimate the prevalence within the general population and to identify potential risk factors. The presence of central corneal guttata was evaluated by three corneal specialists (VP, VS, and PP) using a slit-lamp biomicroscope and the NIDEK CEM-530 specular microscope (NIDEK, Aichi, Japan). The estimated overall prevalence in the Thai population was 45.76%, with an approximate female-to-male ratio of 1.35:1. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only age ≥ 50 years, compared with age 40-49 years, was a significant risk factor for the presence of central corneal guttata. In conclusion, this study showed that the prevalence of central corneal guttata (mainly sporadic cases) in the Thai population was as high as 45.76%.

Indexed as

Arcus SenilisAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCorneaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsSoutheast Asian PeopleThailandCorneal guttataFuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophyPopulation-based studyPrevalenceRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID40234598
PMCPMC12000425

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.