ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2025
Safety and Immunogenicity of Poultry Vaccine for Protecting Critically Endangered Avian Species against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus, United States.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessment of the Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated Associated Vaccine Against Influenza and Newcastle Disease.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Vaccination against H5 HP avian influenza virus leads to persistent immune response in wild king penguins.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Structural and functional characterization of the antigenicity of influenza A virus hemagglutinin subtype H15.Cell reports · 2026Article
- African warthog buffy coat cells retain susceptibility to African swine fever virus following whole blood transportation and storage.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of baloxavir marboxil against high pathogenicity avian influenza virus infection in duck model.PloS one · 2026Article
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: Tracking the Progression from IAV (H5N1) to IAV (H7N9) and Preparing for Emerging Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- RNA replicon vaccination confers long-lasting protection against H5N1 avian influenza in 23 zoo bird species.Nature communications · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In 2023, an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza occurred among critically endangered California condors (Gymnogyps californianus), and >21 died. We evaluated safety, immunogenicity, vaccination strategies, and correlates of antibody response of an influenza vaccine for poultry in black vultures (Coragyps atratus) and then California condors. We noted differences in antibody titers between vaccinated and unvaccinated birds (vultures p<0.004; condors p-<0.02) but no adverse effects of vaccination. All vaccinated vultures and 80% of vaccinated condors showed maximum measured antibody response within the published range associated with survival of vaccinated and virally challenged chickens. We noted weak evidence of higher antibody responses for birds given two 0.5-mL vaccines versus those given one 1-mL vaccine but no correlation between antibody titers and sex for either species or between antibody titers and bone lead concentrations in vultures. Our results prompted initiation of a vaccination program for condors that could reduce spread of this disease among highly threatened species.
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