ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2025
Evaluation of autonomic involvement in Parkinson's disease using pupillometry.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Eye-Tracking Assessment of Visual, Oculomotor, and Pupillary Biomarkers During Reading in Parkinson's Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of corneal morphology, pupillometry, and ocular surface parameters in Fabry disease patients: correlation with plasma Lyso-Gb3 levels.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- A cross-sectional study of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease and vascular parkinsonism.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- Striatal (a-)symmetry reveals sex-specific autonomic vulnerabilities in early Parkinson's disease.npj women's health · 2026Article
- Longitudinal analysis of pupillometry according to type of pharmacotherapy in Parkinson's disease patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pupillographic evaluation accompanying structural and functional assessment of the optic nerve in patients with Parkinson's disease.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
introductionThe pupillary light reflex (PLR) indicates the function of the autonomic nervous system, which causes the pupil to constrict and dilate. Evaluation of the PLR determines the parasympathetic and sympathetic balance. We aimed to demonstrate autonomic changes by pupillometry in Parkinson'd disease (PD) and to investigate the relationship between the changes and motor stage and levodopa equivalent dose (LEDD).
methodStatic pupillometry measurement was performed at scotopic, mesopic and photopic settings. Dynamic pupillometry measurement was performed at 500 lux illumination and pupil diameter was recorded. Static and dynamic pupillometry parameters of Parkinson's disease patients and healthy control group of similar age and gender were compared. The relationship between Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)-motor, modified Hoehn and Yahr (mHYE) and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) and pupillometry parameters were analysed.
resultsIn static pupillometry, mesopic pupil diameter was significantly lower in PD patients (P = 0.04). In dynamic pupillometry, pupil diameter was lower and mean pupil dilation rate was lower in the PD group at 18 seconds. There was a significant negative correlation between mean pupil dilatation velocity and mHYE, UPDRS-motor and LEDD. The mean pupil dilatation velocity was statistically significantly lower in patients not receiving dopaminergic treatment.
conclusionChanges in pupillometry values in PD have emphasized that the autonomic nervous system is affected and the parasympathetic nervous system was found to be correlated with the motor involvement of the disease.
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