ReviewInvestigational new drugs2025
Patient-derived tumor organoids for cancer immunotherapy: culture techniques and clinical application.
Review in Investigational new drugs, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy in Solid Tumors: Microenvironmental Obstacles and Translational 3D Models.Biology · 2026Review
- Next-generation of mesothelin-targeted CAR-T cells secreting anti-PD-L1 scFv for potent immunotherapy against 3D patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- A Patient-Derived Organ-on-Chip Platform for Modeling the Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Responses in Pancreatic Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- EphA2 sustains the adaptive response of colorectal organoids to chemotherapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Bidirectional regulation between ferroptosis and tumor-associated macrophages: mechanisms, strategies, and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Organoid models: reshaping the paradigm for precision development and evaluation of CAR-T cell therapies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Lanthanide Nanotheranostics in Radiotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Application and challenges of tumor organoid technology in precision immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Complementary strategies in pancreatic cancer precision medicine: therapeutic prediction and immune modulation.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Targeting TNFR1-driven necroptosis in breast cancer.EXCLI journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized tumor treatment. However, robust and effective testing platforms remain lacking, especially for the selection of the optimized therapy at the patient-specific level. Unlike conventional treatment evaluations, testing platforms for cancer immunotherapy must incorporate not only tumor cells but also the tumor microenvironment (TME), including immune components. Recently, emergence of patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs), an in vitro preclinical model, has provided a novel approach for studying tumor evolution and assessing treatment responses, and shows great potential when coculturing with immune cells to study the mechanisms of immunotherapy efficacy and resistance. However, traditional organoid technology is limited in capturing the full impact of the TME on tumor behaviors due to the absence of stromal components. To circumvent these restrictions, complex organoid cocultures with immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts and vasculatures are developed. In this review, we summarized recent advances in PDTO culture techniques for modeling the TME and explored the application of complex tumor organoids in cancer immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.