Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40232200›Full record

GuidelineDeutsches Arzteblatt international2025

Clinical Practice Guideline: The Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate Deformities.

Anna Katharina Sander, Cathleen Muche-Borowski, Bernd Lethaus, the guideline group “Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate Deformities”

Abstract readPractice Guideline
In one paragraph

Guideline in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Anna Katharina SanderDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute and Outpatient Clinic of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Cathleen Muche-Borowski
Bernd Lethaus
the guideline group “Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate Deformities”

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCleft lip and palate deformities (CLPD) constitute one of the more common types of congenital malformation. In Germany, the prevalence is more than 1 in 500 births. The treatment is complex; multistep interdisciplinary treatment is needed for full recovery. In this S3-level clinical practice guideline, we provide evidence- and consensus-based recommendations for the treatment of patients with CLPD.

methodsA systematic literature search based on key questions was carried out. All recommendations and statements were formulated by specialists from multiple disciplines and were adopted in a formal consensus procedure.

resultsDespite the epidemiological and clinical importance of CLPD, no clear treatment recommendations are available; the major treatments for it are debated and variably provided. If a fetus is at elevated risk of CLPD, ultrasonography in the second or third trimester of pregnancy is recommended. For a newborn child with CLPD, adequate food intake must be ensured. Orthodontic treatment is carried out in an interdisciplinary manner and in multiple developmental phases. Controversy surrounds the timing and sequence of reconstructive procedures for defor mities that affect all structures. In children who have them, normal ventilation of the middle ear is impaired or obviated, making tympanic effusions and hearing loss more likely. In all children with CLPD, speech can be impaired and there can be a secondary impairment of language acquisition.

conclusionMost of the evidence concerning the treatment of CLPD is of low level. Standardization of the treatment approach should improve long-term outcomes and quality of life in patients with CLPD. Standardized, long-term, multicenter data acquisition would help increase the yield of useful information from future studies.

Indexed as

Cleft LipCleft PalatePlastic Surgery ProceduresFemaleGermanyHumansInfant, NewbornPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID40232200
PMCPMC12550760

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.