Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40231985›Full record

ReviewFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Lipid Nanoparticles: Formulation, Production Methods and Characterization Protocols.

Fernanda L Lüdtke, Thaís Jordânia Silva, Mayanny Gomes da Silva, Juliana Campos Hashimoto, Ana Paula B Ribeiro

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Fernanda L LüdtkeCEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-0221-5633
Thaís Jordânia SilvaCenter for Natural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Lagoa do Sino, Buri 13565-905, SP, Brazil.
Mayanny Gomes da SilvaDepartment of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil.
Juliana Campos HashimotoDepartment of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil.
Ana Paula B RibeiroDepartment of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lipid nanoparticles (LNs) have emerged as advanced lipid-based delivery systems, offering an effective approach for encapsulating and protecting lipid-soluble bioactive compounds, increasing their bioavailability. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) are particularly promising for bioactive compound entrapment. However, to fully exploit their potential, it is crucial to carefully select the appropriate lipid matrices and emulsifiers. This review offers a comprehensive, up-to-date examination, considering studies published in the last 15 years, of the chemical, physical, and structural characteristics of lipids employed in LN production, focusing on the key components of the formulations: lipid matrices, emulsifiers, and bioactive compounds. In addition, it provides an in-depth analysis of production methods, drawing on insights from the latest scientific literature, and emphasizes the most important characterization techniques for LNs. Key parameters, including particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), crystallinity, thermal behavior, morphology, entrapment efficiency (EE), load capacity (LC), and physical stability, are discussed. Ultimately, this review aims to identify critical factors for the successful production of stable LNs that efficiently encapsulate and deliver bioactive compounds, highlighting their significant potential for applications in food systems.

Indexed as

bioaccessibilitybioactive compoundslipid crystallizationnanostructured lipid carriersphysical stabilitysolid lipid nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID40231985
PMCPMC11941587

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.