ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2025
An Innovative Analytical Approach for Multi-Mycotoxin Detection in Craft Beer Using Freeze-Dried Samples, IAC Column and HPLC/ESI-MS/MS.
Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pamamycin Disrupts the Cell Envelope and Mitochondrial Potential to InhibitFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ultrasensitive Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Aflatoxin B1 Detection via Magnetic Enrichment-Catalytic Signal Amplification.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The detection and quantification of mycotoxins in beer are critical for ensuring consumer safety and regulatory compliance. These contaminants, originating from barley and other grains, persist and potentially transform during the brewing process. This study presents an innovative analytical protocol using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS) for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of nine mycotoxins, including aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2), Ochratoxin A (OTA), Fumonisins (FB1, FB2), Deoxynivalenol (DON), and HT-2. The method leverages the efficiency of multi-mycotoxin immunoaffinity columns, providing streamlined sample preparation with high specificity and sensitivity. Validation was conducted using craft beers from Calabria, including freeze-dried samples to enhance analytical consistency and stability. The method's accuracy was confirmed by using spiking samples with mycotoxins at concentrations compliant with the European Commission's regulations (Recommendation 2024/1038/EU). The developed protocol delivers reliable results with minimized resource consumption, offering a robust tool for quality control and safety assessments in brewing. By addressing knowledge gaps in freeze-dried craft beer, this study contributes to advancing food safety standards in the brewing industry.
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Registered trials
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