Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40231524›Full record

ReviewCurrent hypertension reviews2025

Comparison of the Effect of Intermittent Fasting with Mediterranean Diet on Glycemic, Lipid, and Anthropometric Indices in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Shakila Dehghani, Parisa Karimi, Narges Naimi Tarei, Mohammad Masoumvand, Mohammad Amin Nazari Manesh, Elmira Ramezani, Vahid Reza Askari

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current hypertension reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shakila DehghaniDepartment of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Parisa KarimiDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Narges Naimi TareiBaharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad MasoumvandDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Amin Nazari ManeshHealth and Rehabilitation Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Elmira RamezaniDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Vahid Reza AskariClinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionType 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is becoming more prevalent over time. Research has shown that the Mediterranean diet (MD) and intermittent fasting (IF) can improve the metabolic parameters of patients with type 2 diabetes. However, there has yet to be a study comparing the effectiveness of these two diets in diabetic patients. This review aims to compare the impact of the Mediterranean diet and intermittent fasting on glycemic, lipid, and anthropometric indices in patients with type 2 diabetes.

methodsWe selected clinical trial studies published between 2013 and 2023 that examined the impact of the MD and the IF diet on glycemic, lipid, and anthropometric indices in patients with type 2 diabetes, in the PubMed and Scopus databases on November 23, 2023, and were included in our study following the PRISMA guidelines.

resultsA total of 22 clinical trials meeting the inclusion criteria were chosen. Out of these, 13 clinical trials focused on the impact of the Mediterranean diet, while the remaining trials examined the effects of the IF diet on type 2 diabetes. The age range of participants in all studies was above 18 years, with the number of individuals investigated ranging from 9 to 557. The duration of the interventions varied from 1 week to 8 years. The MD and IF have both have been shown to effectively improve glycemic control, lipid profiles, and anthropometric measurements in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the MD tends to offer more consistent and sustainable long-term benefits. This can be attributed to its rich composition of antioxidants, healthy fats, and dietary fiber. IF has demonstrated potential benefits for improving blood sugar levels and lipid profiles over short periods. However, its effectiveness may be compromised by the risk of hypoglycemia and the inconsistent commitment of patients.

conclusionThese findings suggest that the MD is preferable for long-term, while IF may serve as a complementary short-term strategy. Further research in this area is necessary to provide a definitive opinion.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diet, MediterraneanFastingLipidsAnthropometryBiomarkersFemaleGlycemic ControlHumansIntermittent FastingMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeBiomarkersBlood GlucoseLipidsanthropometric indices.glycemic indicesIntermittent fastinglipid profilemediterranean diettype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40231524

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.