Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40231211›Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2025

The role of inflammation in the development of tic symptoms in subjects with ADHD.

Nagahide Takahashi, Hidekazu Kato, Yoshihiro Nawa, Shiori Ogawa, Kenji J Tsuchiya, Takashi Okada

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. [Volatile oil fromNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nagahide TakahashiDepartment of Developmental Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan.
Hidekazu KatoDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.
Yoshihiro NawaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.
Shiori OgawaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.
Kenji J TsuchiyaResearch Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
Takashi OkadaDepartment of Developmental Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tourette's syndrome is characterized by multiple motor and 1 or more vocal tics that persist for more than 1 year since first tic onset. It is well known that subjects with Tourette's syndrome show varieties of comorbidities, and ADHD is one of the most prevalent comorbid symptoms. In most cases, ADHD symptoms is known to precede the onset of tic symptoms, but how subjects with ADHD develop Tourette's syndrome later in life remains unclear. Both Tourette's syndrome and ADHD is highly heritable, and genome wide association studies of ADHD and Tourette's syndrome showed that Tourette's syndrome and ADHD are genetically related. In order to identify the factor to cause tic symptoms in subjects with ADHD, we conducted two-sample mendelian randomization analysis, gene-set analysis and identified

Indexed as

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorderGenome wide association studyNeuroinflammationTourette's syndrome

Identifiers

PMID40231211
PMCPMC11994945

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.