[Prevalence of dental anomalies in panoramic radiographs of patients aged 10 to 30 from a radiographic center: a cross-sectional study].

Introduction: Dental anomalies are associated with developmental problems, affecting facial and dental structures with potential functional, occlusal and aesthetic repercussions. Early detection using panoramic radiographs is crucial for adequate treatment and management of these alterations. Objective: Determine the prevalence of dental anomalies in radiographs in patients treated in a radiological center during the year 2023. Materials and Methods: a retrospective, observational and descriptive study was carried out, analyzing 1500 panoramic radiographs. A simple random sampling method was used and various variables such as types and number of anomalies, age, gender, and location in the oral quadrants were evaluated. The Romexis Viewer program was used for image analysis. Results: In the prevalence of dental anomalies of structure, it was observed that enamel hypoplasia and hypercementosis presented a lower number of cases, with a prevalence of 1%. In size anomalies, it was found that microdontia had a prevalence of 10.5%. Also, in eruption anomalies, it was observed that the ectopic position affected 6.7% of cases. On the other hand, in number anomalies, it was observed that agenesis had a prevalence of 5.2%. In morphology anomalies, there were no cases of union, while dilaceration was present in 58.6% of cases. Rhizomicri had a prevalence of 12.4%. Conclusions: Dental anomalies observed in the radiographs of the evaluated patients show variable prevalence rates. The study reaffirms the importance of panoramic radiography in the early detection of dental anomalies, crucial for planning adequate and personalized treatment in dentistry.