Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40230462›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2025

Strain-based measurement system on an internal fixator for healing analysis of spinal defects through load redistribution.

Philip Johannes Steinbild, Nils Wieja, Luis Rodríguez Pino, Robert Gottwald, Anja Winkler, Stefan Zwingenberger, Alexander Carl Disch, Werner Schmölz, Niels Modler

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Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Philip Johannes SteinbildInstitute of Lightweight Engineering and Polymer Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Nils WiejaInstitute of Lightweight Engineering and Polymer Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Luis Rodríguez PinoUniversity Comprehensive Spine Center, University Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
Robert GottwaldInstitute of Lightweight Engineering and Polymer Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Anja WinklerInstitute of Lightweight Engineering and Polymer Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Stefan ZwingenbergerUniversity Comprehensive Spine Center, University Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
Alexander Carl DischUniversity Comprehensive Spine Center, University Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
Werner SchmölzBiomechanics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Niels ModlerInstitute of Lightweight Engineering and Polymer Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A compact measurement system applied to an internal fixator for spinal bony healing is described and its usability for monitoring a simulated healing process on spine models is assessed. Four strain gauges were applied to carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) rods forming sensor integrated rods in order to measure a multitude of different strains using a minimum of strain gauges. This configuration enables the application not only on CFRP but also on rods made of a different material. Spinal didactic models were instrumented with the sensor rods in combination with pedicle screws in order to depict a bisegmental thoracolumbar stabilisation ranging from spine segments T11 to L1. The transmission of the acquired strain data to an evaluation computer was realized by a customized measurement system using an integrated Bluetooth chip. The measurement system is able to measure isolated bending and tensile or compression strain simultaneously. A standardized fenestration defect was induced at the middle section (T12). To mimic the healing process, three silicone discs of different Shore hardness (0 ShA, 8 ShA, 30 ShA) were inserted into the defect with 0 ShA simulating a fractured T12. A series of three spine models were tested under comparable conditions. Flexion bending moments of 5 Nm were applied to the specimens using a universal testing machine. Isolated bending strain on the rods increased from an unfractured state to the fractured state by 10%-27%. The healed state simulated by a silicone disc of 30 ShA lowered the isolated bending strain reliably for each specimen. Silicone discs of 8 ShA cannot simulate an intermediate healing state reliably.

Indexed as

bluetooth data transmissionhealing simulationinternal fixatorspinal fixationstrain measurementthoracolumbar spine

Identifiers

PMID40230462
PMCPMC11994651

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.