ReviewFrontiers in molecular biosciences2025
The role of CAFs in therapeutic resistance in triple negative breast cancer: an emerging challenge.
Review in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Polymeric Nano Drug Delivery Systems for Overcoming Tumor Microenvironment-Mediated Drug Resistance.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- CXCL1 in triple‑negative breast cancer: Mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic opportunities (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer: molecular mechanisms, spatial regulation, and therapeutic implications.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Review
- Breast cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms of immune evasion, biomarkers, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- GALNT1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- Emerging Protein Targets in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Beyond Conventional Therapy.Cancers · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Triple-negative breast cancer: current understanding and future perspectives.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2026Review
- The chemokine network in triple-negative breast cancer: its role in immune microenvironment regulation, and prospects for targeted therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Metabolic Cross Talk in the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer treatment and research · 2026Review
- Dual Targeting of FAP-Directed Nanoparticles and FRα-Specific CAR-T Cells Induces Additive Anti-Tumor Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha-Targeted Nanoparticles for Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling and Antitumor Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Biomaterials research · 2026Article
- Next-generation CAR-T cells design: leveraging tumor features for enhanced efficacy.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Targeting CAF-specific metabolic pathways in breast cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Dissecting the Non-Immune Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Molecular Subtype-Specific Patterns and Prognostic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- 3D bioprinting innovations: a new frontier in breast cancer research.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Recent progress in immune evasion mechanisms of triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- The enhanced cancer nanovaccine by bidirectionally blocking CXCL12/CXCR4 axis to inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer.Molecular cancer · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial element of cancerous tissue and has emerged as a promising target for therapeutic strategies. The complex variety of stromal cells within the TME plays a vital role in determining the tumor's aggressiveness and its resistance to treatment. Tumor progression is not solely driven by cancer cells harboring genetic mutations but is also significantly influenced by non-cancerous host cells within the TME, which strongly impact tumor growth, metastasis, and the response to therapies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a diverse group of stromal cells within the TME. They play dual roles, both promoting and inhibiting tumor growth, making them intriguing targets for enhancing cancer therapies. Their significant contribution to creating a tumor-supportive environment has diminished the effectiveness of various cancer treatments, including radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. Research has increasingly focused on understanding how CAFs contribute to therapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to improve treatment outcomes. However, the ways in which CAF patterns affect the TME and the response to immunotherapy in TNBC are not yet well understood and the interactions between CAFs, tumor cells, and immune cells in TNBC remain largely unexplored. In this review, we thoroughly exam ine the relationship between TNBC progression and CAF patterns. We discuss the current understanding of CAF heterogeneity, their role in tumor progression, and their impact on the tumor's response to therapeutic agents in TNBC. Additionally, we explore the potential and possible strategies for therapies targeting CAFs.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.