Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40230259›Full record

SynthesisEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2025

Prevalence of loneliness and social isolation amongst individuals with severe mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

André Hajek, Razak M Gyasi, Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer, Karel Kostev, Pinar Soysal, Lee Smith, Louis Jacob, Nicola Veronese, Hans-Helmut König

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Review
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  10. From lifestyle psychiatry to whole person health: Evidence, dissemination, and scalable approaches.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
    Review
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  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

André HajekDepartment of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6886-2745
Razak M GyasiAfrican Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6733-1539
Supa PengpidDepartment of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7714-8869
Karl PeltzerDepartment of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-0876
Karel KostevUniversity Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstraße, Marburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-7227
Pinar SoysalDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6042-1718
Lee SmithCentre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5340-9833
Louis JacobDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, Lariboisière-Fernand Widal Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-1239
Nicola VeroneseDepartment of Medicine, Geriatric Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-289X
Hans-Helmut KönigDepartment of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5711-6862

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the prevalence and antecedents/outcomes of loneliness and social isolation among individuals with severe mental disorders (SMD), such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder.

methodsFive well-known electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched (plus a hand search). Observational studies that report the prevalence and, if available, antecedents and consequences of loneliness/isolation among individuals with SMD were included. Key characteristics were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed. Our systematic review was preregistered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024559043). The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) standardized critical appraisal tool developed for prevalence studies was applied to assess the quality of the included studies.

resultsThe initial search yielded 4506 records, and after duplicate removal and screening, a total of 10 studies were finally included. The studies included used data from Europe, Asia, North America, and Oceania. Two studies employed a longitudinal design, while all other studies had a cross-sectional design. Most of the studies included between 100 and 500 individuals with SMD. All studies involved both male and female participants, with women typically comprising about 40% of the sample. The average age of participants often ranged from approximately 30 to 40 years. The estimated prevalence of loneliness was 59.1% (95% CI: 39.6% to 78.6%,

conclusionsThe present systematic review with meta-analysis identified high levels of loneliness and objective social isolation among those with SMD. These findings stress the importance of monitoring and addressing social needs in this vulnerable group, which may have a positive effect on the life quality of individuals with SMD. Future research in neglected regions (e.g. South America and Africa) is recommended. Different diagnoses within severe mental disorders should be distinguished in future studies. Furthermore, additional longitudinal studies are required to explore the antecedents and consequences of loneliness and social isolation among individuals with SMD.

Indexed as

LonelinessMental DisordersSocial IsolationBipolar DisorderHumansMajor Depressive DisorderPrevalencePsychotic DisordersSchizophreniabipolar disorderlonelinessschizophreniaserious mental illnesssevere mental disordersocial isolation

Identifiers

PMID40230259
PMCPMC12037343

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.