Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40229802›Full record

ArticleArchives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique2025

What do readers need? Qualitative requirements of medical discharge summaries from the recipients' perspective.

Markus Unnewehr, Leonie Siemen, Hendrik Friederichs, Wolfram Windisch, Samer Zawy Alsofy, Bernhard Schaaf

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Markus Unnewehr *Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred- Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448, Witten, Germany. markusunnewehr@web.de.
Leonie Siemen *Faculty of Medicine, Lübeck University, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
Hendrik FriederichsMedical Education Research Group, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld University, 33615, Morgenbreede, Bielefeld, Germany.
Wolfram WindischDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred- Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448, Witten, Germany.
Samer Zawy AlsofyDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred- Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448, Witten, Germany.
Bernhard SchaafDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred- Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448, Witten, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDischarge summaries (DSs) are the primary communication tools in clinical medicine. The transfer of information and plans is essential to ensure consistent patient safety and continuity of care. Therefore, DSs play a key role in population health. However, the overall quality of DSs is considered deficient, and there is a notable lack of scientific knowledge and research in this field, particularly regarding the needs of physicians as the primary recipients of DSs and key providers of ongoing patient care. The purpose of this study was to explore their requirements concerning the content, structure, and processing of DSs.

methodsA total of 159 outpatient primary care physicians (general practitioners, GPs) and specialists who refer patients to hospitals for various conditions were contacted across Germany using mixed sampling methods combining convenience, quota, and theory-driven sampling. Of these, 106 (66.67%) participated in telephone interviews. The interviews included nine open-ended questions, analyzed using Mayring's qualitative content analysis, and a 43-item questionnaire, evaluated quantitatively with descriptive statistical methods to assess DS characteristics.

resultsQuantitative analysis revealed that recipients rated the prompt arrival of DSs, a clear treatment and diagnostic plan, and a coherent rationale as the most important requirements. The least important elements were newsletter-style content, patient contact information, patient ethnicity, and hospital logos or awards. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses identified similar priorities and challenges in DS content and structure. Sending a diagnosis list was considered a top priority by all physicians. While GPs placed high importance on diagnoses, treatment plans, and medication changes, specialists prioritized a logical line of reasoning.

conclusionThis recipient-focused study highlighted specific areas for improvement in the content, structure, and delivery of DSs. Tailoring DS formats to the distinct needs of GPs and specialists has the potential to enhance their overall quality and utility. Ultimately, optimizing DSs may strengthen population health outcomes by improving care transitions, reducing adverse events, and supporting effective outpatient management across the healthcare system.

Indexed as

Discharge summaryHealthcare communicationPatient dischargePatient safetyPopulation healthTransition of care

Identifiers

PMID40229802
PMCPMC11995522

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.