Trial reportBMC public health2025
A 14-week structured breathing program: an investigation into its impact on psychological health parameters in university students.
Trial report in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06341569 (Understanding Well-being in Physical Therapy Students), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Understanding Well-being in Physical Therapy Students: A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Motivation, Life Satisfaction, and Perceived Academic Quality
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acute Psychophysiological Effects Of 4-7-8 And Nadi Shodhana Breathing: A Randomized Crossover Study.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Article
- Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials Evaluating Box Breathing for Stress, Autonomic, and Clinical Outcomes.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Review
- Effect of Pranayama Practice on Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence in Nursing Students.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUniversity students are prone to high levels of stress, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, which can negatively affect their mental health and academic performance. Breathing exercises have been suggested as a simple and effective intervention to reduce these issues. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a 14-week structured breathing exercises program on the psychological well-being of physical therapy students, focusing on subjective happiness, sleep quality, worry levels, and emotional regulation.
methodsThis was a non-randomized study that included 46 s-year students. The intervention group received weekly 30-minute sessions of breathing exercises for 14 weeks, while the control group continued their usual activities. Data were collected at baseline and 14 weeks using validated questionnaires such as Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Statistical analysis included paired samples t-tests and Wilcoxon singed-rank test.
resultsThe intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in subjective happiness (p < 0.0001), positive affect (p < 0.0001), and sleep quality (p = 0.0001) post-intervention. A significant decrease was observed in worry levels (p = 0.0001), and negative affect was modestly reduced (p = 0.02). The control group showed no significant changes except for a minor increase in subjective happiness (p = 0.04).
conclusionThe 14-week structured breathing program significantly enhanced subjective happiness, emotional regulation, and sleep quality, reducing worry levels among physical therapy students. The results could contribute to integrating these techniques into educational programs and developing accessible strategies to improve student well-being.
trial registrationThe study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov on 09.05.2024 under the identification ID NCT06341569 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06341569 ).
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