Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40229340›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Terminal ballistic effects for 3D-printed multi-layered material consisting of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, metal matrix composite and porous titanium.

Dmytro V Kovalchuk, Dmytro G Savvakin, Jacek Janiszewski, Bartosz Fikus, Krzysztof Piasta, Vasyl Nevmerzhytskiy, Vasyl Tkachuk, Oleksandr O Stasiuk, Denis V Oryshych, Mykola A Skoryk and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Dmytro V KovalchukG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.
Dmytro G SavvakinG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.
Jacek JaniszewskiJarosław Dąbrowski Military University of Technology, 2, gen. Sylwester Kaliski str., Warsaw 46, 00-908, Poland.
Bartosz FikusJarosław Dąbrowski Military University of Technology, 2, gen. Sylwester Kaliski str., Warsaw 46, 00-908, Poland. bartosz.fikus@wat.edu.pl.
Krzysztof PiastaJarosław Dąbrowski Military University of Technology, 2, gen. Sylwester Kaliski str., Warsaw 46, 00-908, Poland.
Vasyl NevmerzhytskiyG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.
Vasyl TkachukG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.
Oleksandr O StasiukG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.
Denis V OryshychG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.
Mykola A SkorykG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.
Judyta SienkiewiczJarosław Dąbrowski Military University of Technology, 2, gen. Sylwester Kaliski str., Warsaw 46, 00-908, Poland.
Pavlo E MarkovskyG.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36, Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine.

Funding

Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna UGB 743/2024/WAT
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The influence of the composition and structure of a multilayer titanium-based material on its behaviour under impact testing conditions was studied. The material consisted of four consecutive layers of: (i) metal matrix composite (MMC) based on Ti64 alloy (wt. 6.1% Al-4% V) reinforced with 40 vol % dispersed TiC particles, (ii) Ti64 alloy, (iii) porous commercial purity titanium (about 60% pores), and (iv) the bottom layer of Ti64 alloy. MMC and Ti64 alloy layers were deposited on a layer of porous Ti using a coaxial electron beam 3D printing method with a commercial Ti64 wire, and a specially designed cored wire as the feedstock. The overall density of the layered material was less than 3 g/cm

Indexed as

Additive manufacturingArmour piercing ammunitionBallistic resistance.Ballistic testMetal 3D printingMetal matrix compositeMicrostructureTitaniumTitanium carbide

Identifiers

PMID40229340
PMCPMC11997169

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.