ArticleHIV medicine2025
Longitudinal associations between social determinants of health and well-being among women living with HIV in Canada: A latent class analysis.
Article in HIV medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neighborhood Resources Indirectly Linked to HIV Medication Adherence Through Social Determinants of Health Among Digitally Surveyed Partnered Men Who Have Sex with Men.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations between social determinants of health and well-being among women living with HIV in Canada: A latent class analysis.HIV medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSocial determinants of health (SDoH) can significantly impact overall well-being. While existing research has explored SDoH as predictors of well-being among women living with HIV, longitudinal studies examining these relationships over time remain limited. We examined SDoH typologies among women living with HIV in Canada and longitudinal associations with well-being.
methodsUsing longitudinal survey data collected at three time points from women living with HIV in Canada (2013-2018), we conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to identify subgroups of SDoH indicators, including income, experiences of violence, food security, substance use, housing stability, HIV-related stigma and social support at baseline (Time-1). Multivariable linear and logistic regression examined associations between SDoH classes and well-being (depression, discrimination [gender, racial] and HIV clinical outcomes [viral load, adherence, HIV care barriers]) at Time-3.
resultsWe identified three distinct SDoH classes among participants (n = 1422, mean age = 42.8): high (n = 435; 30.6%), medium (n = 377; 26.5%) and low SDoH adversity (n = 610; 42.9%). In multivariate regression analyses, the high SDoH adversity class had lower odds of achieving an undetectable viral load (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.21, 1.01; p = 0.050) and higher probability of facing barriers to accessing care (aβ = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.45; p < 0.001), depression (aOR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.71, 3.71; p < 0.001), racial discrimination (aβ = 3.42; 95% CI: 1.72, 5.12; p < 0.001) and gender discrimination (aβ = 3.14; 95% CI: 1.42, 4.87; p < 0.001), compared with the low SDoH adversity class at 5-year follow-up.
conclusionsSDoH adversities were associated with poor wellbeing among women living with HIV in Canada. Integrated, comprehensive person-centred care approaches that address SDoH are needed to improve health and wellbeing.
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