Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40227746›Full record

ReviewCancers2025

Forcing Ahead: Second-Line Treatment Options for Lenalidomide-Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Katia Mancuso, Simona Barbato, Francesco Di Raimondo, Francesca Gay, Pellegrino Musto, Massimo Offidani, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Elena Zamagni, Renato Zambello, Michele Cavo

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Katia MancusoIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", 40138 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1169-0129
Simona BarbatoIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", 40138 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7828-8230
Francesco Di RaimondoDivisione di Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Catania, Scuola di Specializzazione in Ematologia dell'Università di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
Francesca GayDivisione di Ematologia 1, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8619-412X
Pellegrino MustoUnit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, "Aldo Moro" University School of Medicine, AOUC Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3277-6594
Massimo OffidaniClinica di Ematologia, Unità di Trapianto di Cellule Staminali e Terapia Cellulare dell'AOU delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2749-7347
Maria Teresa PetrucciEmatologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Roma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0688-4882
Elena ZamagniIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", 40138 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1422-7305
Renato ZambelloUnità di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina (DIMED), Università di Padova, 65100 Padova, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8799-5324
Michele CavoDipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4514-3227

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The therapeutic landscape for multiple myeloma has gradually expanded in recent decades, leading to unprecedented deep and sustained responses as well as remarkable improvements in patient survival. Nonetheless, changes in treatment algorithms have raised new demands for patients with relapsed/refractory disease, as prior exposure and refractoriness to prior therapies impact the choice of subsequent treatments. In particular, refractoriness to lenalidomide-an established backbone of treatment in both front-line and maintenance settings and a key component of many approved regimens used in relapsed disease-is associated with suboptimal clinical outcomes. Therefore, identifying the most appropriate management in lenalidomide-refractory patients, and even more so in patients who are refractory to more than one agent, is critical. At present, treatment options for this growing subgroup of patients are still limited; however, recent data from clinical research are promising. Herein, we summarized the currently available treatment options and discuss future directions based on the latest results from ongoing clinical trials.

Indexed as

lenalidomide refractorinessMM therapymultiple myelomarelapsed/refractory multiple myelomasecond-line treatment in MM

Identifiers

PMID40227746
PMCPMC11987876

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.