Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40226580›Full record

ArticlePerspectives on medical education2025

Transforming Professionalism Education in Clerkships: A Student-Driven Approach Utilizing The Hidden Curriculum.

Munawar Farooq, Azhar T Rahma, Zufishan Alam, Mohammad Al Banna, Uffaira Hafeez, David O Alao, Arif Alper Cevik

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Perspectives on medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Munawar FarooqDepartment of Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine Section, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, AE.ORCID 0009-0009-2537-7115
Azhar T RahmaInstitute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAEU, Al Ain, AE.ORCID 0000-0002-8347-453X
Zufishan AlamSchool of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, AE.ORCID 0000-0002-2668-7360
Mohammad Al BannaMohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, AE.ORCID 0009-0005-2892-5755
Uffaira HafeezDepartment of Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine Section, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAEU, Al Ain, AE.ORCID 0009-0001-1122-3344
David O AlaoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine Section, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAEU, Al Ain, AE.ORCID 0000-0002-4734-5757
Arif Alper CevikDepartment of Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine Section, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAEU, Al Ain, AE.ORCID 0000-0001-6691-6298

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Professionalism, influenced by regional context and societal values, is essential in doctor-patient relationships, patient experiences, and clinical outcomes. However, formal education alone fails to cultivate professionalism effectively. Research highlights the hidden curriculum's detrimental impact on medical students' professionalism. Nonetheless, strategies to teach professionalism in specific curriculum areas and to counteract hidden curricula, particularly for clinical clerkships, remain underexplored. This study evaluates a structured, student-led professionalism training program in a clerkship. Methods: Over one year, we implemented and replicated an educational intervention on professionalism in four emergency medicine clerkship groups. Grounded in constructivist and transformative learning theories, the intervention aimed to enhance students' reflective capacities by addressing the hidden curriculum. It included briefing sessions on professionalism models and student-led discussions on clinical cases encountered to uncover implicit lessons. Students' understanding was reinforced through anonymous self- and peer assessments of professionalism traits. The impact was evaluated qualitatively through inductive thematic analysis of student reflections and quantitatively through student feedback based on the Kirkpatrick model. Results: The training received highly positive evaluations from students. Quantitative analysis showed significant score increases in knowledge and ability (using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test). Students demonstrated the ability to reflect on the hidden curriculum and highlighted three key themes: professional attributes, sociocultural context, and system-level factors. Subthemes included communication, empathy, learning commitment, cultural competence, hierarchy, and family engagement. Discussion: This study presents a practical clerkship professionalism training model demonstrating that regular case-based discussions and anonymous self- and peer assessments help students identify and reflect on professional behaviors within the hidden curriculum.

Indexed as

Clinical ClerkshipCurriculumProfessionalismStudents, MedicalEducation, Medical, UndergraduateFemaleHumansMale

Identifiers

PMID40226580
PMCPMC11987904

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.