ArticleTranslational andrology and urology2025
Clinical features and prognosis of small cell carcinoma of the bladder: a single center retrospective analysis.
Article in Translational andrology and urology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Small cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is a rare and aggressive subtype, usually diagnosed at advanced stages. Due to its rarity, the clinical features, prognostic factors, and treatment strategies are not well defined, and data on long-term outcomes are limited. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment options, and prognostic factors of SCCB to enhance clinical understanding and guide practice. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 41 SCCB cases treated at Changhai Hospital between 2006 and 2023 was conducted. Clinical, pathological, and treatment data were collected. The median follow-up duration was calculated as 41.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 31.3-50.7] using the reverse Kaplan-Meier method. Overall survival (OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify prognostic factors. Results: The median age was 71 years (range, 41-89 years). Pure SCCB accounted for 56.1% of cases, and 48.78% of tumors were located on the lateral bladder wall. Tumors ≥4 cm were found in 56.10% of cases. According to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification, 63.41% of patients underwent radical cystectomy, and 34.14% had lymph node or distant metastasis. None of the patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), while 41.03% underwent adjuvant chemotherapy post-surgery. The median OS was 30 months, with 1- and 3-year OS rates of 74.8% and 41.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that T stage (P=0.002), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), and distant metastasis (P<0.001) were associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis confirmed T stage (P=0.04) and distant metastasis (P<0.001) as independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: SCCB is often diagnosed at a late stage with gross hematuria as the most common symptom, Neoadjuvant therapy and immunotherapy can extend OS. T stage and distant metastasis are critical prognostic factors. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes.
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