The impact of low-level laser therapy (photobiomodulation) on the complications associated with conventional dental treatments and oral disorders: A literature review.

Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) refers to how oral conditions impact an individual's social interactions and positive perception of their dental and facial appearance. OHRQoL is a crucial patient-reported outcome in dentistry and typically includes four key dimensions: Oral Function, orofacial pain, orofacial appearance, and Psychosocial impact. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is a widely used tool for evaluating OHRQoL due to its strong psychometric properties. It focuses on how individuals perceive the repercussions of oral health issues. Complications arising from oral disorders and dental procedures can significantly disrupt a patient's daily routine, affecting aspects such as diet, sleep, physical activities, and work immediately following the intervention, thereby impacting their overall OHRQoL. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as "photobiomodulation," has emerged as a promising adjunctive treatment option to reduce inflammation, expedite the healing process, and enhance patients' OHRQoL. LLLT influences various cellular functions, including adenosine triphosphate production, protein and prostaglandin synthesis, neurotransmitter release, cellular growth, differentiation, and phagocytosis. Considering the significance of how oral health issues and associated treatment complications affect patients' OHRQoL, this study aimed to review patient-centered outcome measures in the context of LLLT to evaluate its impact on the complications associated with conventional dental treatments and oral disorders and patients' OHRQoL.