ReviewSpine surgery and related research2025
Venous Thromboembolism in Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Literature Review of Economic Impact, Risk Factors, and Preoperative Management.
Review in Spine surgery and related research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thrombosis in Neuromuscular Medicine: Current Evidence, Unmet Needs, and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Clinical study of separation surgery combined with intraoperative vertebroplasty andWorld journal of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Silent Threats After Surgery: Incidence and Predictors of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Orthopedic Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Study Design: Literature Review. Objectives: To conduct a comprehensive literature review about the risk factors and preoperative considerations that are related to postoperative venous thromboembolisms (VTEs) in patients who undergo spinal fusion. Results: Postoperative VTEs are associated with higher costs and longer hospital stays for patients, in comparison to those who did not develop VTEs. Spinal level and multilevel fusion are risk factors for postoperative VTE. The effect of the surgical approach on VTE risk is unclear. Elevated BMI and age, kidney dysfunction, previous VTE, and primary hypercoagulability are preoperative risk factors for developing VTE. Intraoperative and postoperative risk factors for VTE include prolonged procedure time, discharge to inpatient facilities, and length of hospital stay. The effects of hypertension (HTN), sex, and dural tears on VTE risk in spinal fusion patients are uncertain. Chemoprophylaxis reduced the incidence of VTE. Tranexamic acid was not associated with an increase in VTE postoperatively. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program surgical risk calculator served as a poor predictor of VTE incidence in spinal fusion. Preoperative D-dimer levels may help as a predictive tool. Conclusions: To elucidate the effects of surgical approach, revision surgery, HTN, and dural tears on postoperative VTE risk, further research is warranted. To help identify high-risk patients, a risk calculator sensitive to VTE must be developed.
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Registered trials
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