Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40223398›Full record

ArticlePhysiological reports2025

Microarray analysis of the effects of Acthar Gel versus methylprednisolone in a model of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in female rats.

Kyle Hayes, Dale Wright

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Physiological reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kyle HayesMallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8203-4738
Dale WrightMallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA.

Funding

Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals [USA]
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acthar® Gel (repository corticotropin injection) is an alternative treatment for patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) who cannot tolerate or do not adequately respond to glucocorticoids or calcineurin inhibitors. We compared the effects of Acthar versus methylprednisolone (MP) on gene expression in the kidney cortex in a rat model of FSGS induced by puromycin. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (6-8 weeks old) were treated for 8 weeks with Acthar 60 IU/kg (n = 5), MP 2 mg/kg (n = 5), or control (n = 4). On Day 56, animals were sacrificed, and RNA samples of kidney cortex tissue were analyzed using microarrays. Compared with control, Acthar significantly decreased the expression of more genes related to inflammation, immune function, and fibrosis than MP. A subset of these genes exhibited significantly larger fold changes in expression after treatment with Acthar versus MP, including C1qb and C1qc (complement cascade), Ccr2 and Tcrb (immune function), and Mfap4 and Vim (fibrosis). These results suggest that Acthar acts as an immunomodulator with a distinct mechanism of action from that of MP. Their differential alteration of gene expression in the kidney cortex suggests that Acthar may be more effective than MP in reducing inflammation and fibrosis in FSGS, which could slow disease progression.

Indexed as

Adrenocorticotropic HormoneGlomerulosclerosis, Focal SegmentalMethylprednisoloneAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleKidney CortexRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyAdrenocorticotropic HormoneMethylprednisoloneActhar Gelfibrosisfocal segmental glomerulosclerosisgene expressioninflammation

Identifiers

PMID40223398
PMCPMC11994893

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.