ArticleThe Gerontologist2025
Identifying and Addressing Housing Insecurity in Older Patients: Trends, Referrals, and Inequities in a California Medical System.
Article in The Gerontologist, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Behavioral Health Assessments and Surgical Readiness Letters for Gender-affirming Surgery: Current Literature, Standards of Care, and Practical Guidance.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Review
- Designing for dignity: ethics of AI surveillance in older adult care.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesHousing insecurity is rising among older adults, especially for racially minoritized people. Few studies have evaluated whether healthcare institutions are meeting that challenge. Using data from a large California medical system, we examined how often older patients are (A) identified as housing insecure and then (B) referred to social services, as well as inequities in those rates. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe analyzed electronic health records (2013-2022) for 119,127 older adults (55+) receiving primary or emergency care. We used a natural language processing model to identify housing insecurity and social services referrals/connections from unstructured notes, with referrals also captured via structured data. Trends in identification were compared to eviction and homelessness trends in the general population. Racial inequities in referrals were evaluated using logistic regression.
results0.6% of encounters (n = 6,253) screened positive for housing insecurity. Positive screening trends were nonlinear, with initial increases followed by declines to baseline (roughly tracking regional eviction trends). Only 7% of patients identified as housing insecure were referred to social services, and connections were more likely in primary than emergency care (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.41-2.96). Asian patients had lower odds of referral than non-Hispanic White patients (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.95). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: We identified urgent unmet needs for housing intervention among older patients. Healthcare systems must do more to ensure older patients, especially racially minoritized older adults, are screened for housing insecurity and connected to housing services.
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