Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40221993›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of social determinants of health and health services2025

Are We All Post Traumatic Yet? A Critical Narrative Review of Trauma Among Arab Refugees.

Osama Tanous, Nadine Hosny, Suad Joseph

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of social determinants of health and health services, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. The Formation and Transformation of Medical Apartheid in Palestine: A Historical Examination.International journal of social determinants of health and health services · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Are We All Post Traumatic Yet? A Critical Narrative Review of Trauma Among Arab Refugees.International journal of social determinants of health and health services · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Osama TanousFXB Center for Health and Human Rights. Harvard University. Boston. MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5484-0780
Nadine HosnyInstitute de Psychologie, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-6666-7524
Suad JosephDepartment of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most studied, diagnosed, and treated mental health disorders in settings of war and displacement. A large body of literature has questioned the utility of the PTSD framework and its application to traumatic stress among populations experiencing wars, political violence, and displacement that is chronic and on a population level. No review has yet summarized the conceptual alternatives proposed by scholars for refugees in or from the Arab region. Our article reviews conceptual articles from the last three decades that propose alternative frameworks to understand trauma and traumatic stress among Arab refugees in the Arab region. We have identified nine articles that critiqued the applicability of PTSD framework for Arab refugees and/or provided alternative key concepts. Themes such as the individualistic nature of PTSD, the nature and longitude of traumatic stress, the "normalization of traumatic stress," and the medicalization of trauma have emerged. The articles also discuss social justice as recovery, diagnostic recommendations, and the flow of knowledge production from the Global North to the Global South. Our article expands a growing body of literature critiquing the applicability of Western psychiatric models in settings in the Global South, specifically the Arab region.

Indexed as

ArabsRefugeesStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticHumansMiddle EastArab, refugeespost traumaPTSD

Identifiers

PMID40221993
PMCPMC12171028

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.