Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40221823›Full record

ArticleOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2025

Optical influence of myopia control spectacles at the retinal level: Effect of local light modulation.

Hakan Kaymak, Ann-Isabel Mattern, Birte Graff, Machteld Devenijn, Berthold Seitz, Hartmut Schwahn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Impact of Myopia Control Spectacle Lens Designs on Visual Function.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Optical influence of myopia control spectacles at the retinal level: Effect of local light modulation.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hakan KaymakInternationale Innovative Ophthalmochirurgie, Breyer Kaymak Klabe Augenchirurgie, Dusseldorf, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5006-7420
Ann-Isabel MatternInternationale Innovative Ophthalmochirurgie, Breyer Kaymak Klabe Augenchirurgie, Dusseldorf, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-7818
Birte GraffInternationale Innovative Ophthalmochirurgie, Breyer Kaymak Klabe Augenchirurgie, Dusseldorf, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9005-172X
Machteld DevenijnInternationale Innovative Ophthalmochirurgie, Breyer Kaymak Klabe Augenchirurgie, Dusseldorf, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0698-7163
Berthold SeitzDepartment of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9701-8204
Hartmut SchwahnInternationale Innovative Ophthalmochirurgie, Breyer Kaymak Klabe Augenchirurgie, Dusseldorf, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7791-532X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate the influence of light modulation conferred by current designs of myopia control spectacles on retinal sensitivity.

methodsRetinal sensitivity and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) fundus images were obtained from nine healthy subjects using a Macular Integrity Assessment microperimeter with current myopia control spectacle lenses: MyoCare, Stellest, MiYOSMART and DOT. Respectively powered single vision lenses and a 0.8-grade Bangerter occlusion foil (BF) served as comparative controls.

resultsUsing the SLO image, one can visualise the areas of light modulation of the various myopia control lens designs at the level of the retina. Clear zone sizes differ between lens designs, with the DOT lens having the smallest area. Retinal sensitivity in areas of local light modulation was not reduced for the Stellest and MyoCare lenses, but declined with the MiYOSMART lens, suggesting a more prominent local light modulation. The DOT lenses produced a significant reduction in overall retinal sensitivity, although the reduction with the BF was greater. In all instances, retinal sensitivity remained well above the range considered normal for a healthy retina.

conclusionsNone of the lenses tested produced a clinically relevant reduction in retinal sensitivity and all scored significantly better than the lowest (that is, 0.8) grade BF. Given that current myopia control spectacles do not show consistent treatment effects as required to slow progression effectively over extended periods, there appears to be a subtle, yet crucial difference in spatial light modulation among these myopia control spectacle lenses. Seemingly similar lens designs cannot be assumed to have equivalent treatment effects; a thorough assessment of these nuances is essential to ensure accurate claims regarding their long-term efficacy.

Indexed as

EyeglassesLightMyopiaRetinaAdultEquipment DesignFemaleHumansMaleOphthalmoscopyRefraction, OcularYoung Adultcontrastmicroperimetrymyopiamyopia control spectacle lensesretinal sensitivity

Identifiers

PMID40221823
PMCPMC12087823

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.