Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40221779›Full record

ReviewStem cell research & therapy2025

The bone microenvironment: new insights into the role of stem cells and cell communication in bone regeneration.

L Dalle Carbonare, M Cominacini, E Trabetti, C Bombieri, J Pessoa, M G Romanelli, M T Valenti

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Stem cell research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Bioprinting of miRNA-Induced Spheroids for Vascularized, Heterocellular Bone Regeneration.Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Pro-Angiogenic Response to OsteoBiolBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. [Research Advances on Mechanisms and Interventions of DNA Methylation-Regulated Aging-Related Imbalance in Bone Metabolism].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

L Dalle CarbonareDepartment of Engineering for the Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy.
M CominaciniDepartment of Engineering for the Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy.
E TrabettiDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy.
C BombieriDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy.
J PessoaDepartment of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine-Ibimed, University of Aveiro, 3810 - 193, Aveiro, Portugal.
M G RomanelliDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy.
M T ValentiDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy. mariateresa.valenti@univr.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1166-8033

Funding

Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Nanobiofarmacêutica 2022.01199.PTDCMUR Department of Excellence 2023/2027Università degli Studi di Verona FUR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in bone formation and remodeling. Intrinsic genetic factors and extrinsic environmental cues regulate their differentiation into osteoblasts. Within the bone microenvironment, a complex network of biochemical and biomechanical signals orchestrates bone homeostasis and regeneration. In addition, the crosstalk among MSCs, immune cells, and neighboring cells-mediated by extracellular vesicles and non-coding RNAs (such as circular RNAs and micro RNAs) -profoundly influences osteogenic differentiation and bone remodeling. Recent studies have explored specific signaling pathways that contribute to effective bone regeneration, highlighting the potential of manipulating the bone microenvironment to enhance MSC functionality. The integration of advanced biomaterials, gene editing techniques, and controlled delivery systems is paving the way for more targeted and efficient regenerative therapies. Furthermore, artificial intelligence could improve bone tissue engineering, optimize biomaterial design, and enable personalized treatment strategies. This review explores the latest advancements in bone regeneration, emphasizing the intricate interplay among stem cells, immune cells, and signaling molecules. By providing a comprehensive overview of these mechanisms and their clinical implications, we aim to shed light on future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.

Indexed as

Bone and BonesBone RegenerationCell CommunicationMesenchymal Stem CellsAnimalsCell DifferentiationExtracellular VesiclesHumansOsteogenesisSignal TransductionTissue EngineeringBiomaterialsBone microenvironmentDifferentiationMesenchymal stem cellsOsteogenesis

Identifiers

PMID40221779
PMCPMC11993959

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.